落地摩擦提升悬绳多源耦合振动特性及故障诊断研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 08:31

本文选题：提升悬绳　切入点：横向振动　出处：《中国矿业大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：国家“十三五”规划中指出:需要建立风险识别和预警机制,以可控方式和节奏主动释放风险,重点提高矿产资源等方面的风险防控能力。随着落地式多绳摩擦提升机被广泛应用于矿井提升,其悬绳因横向振幅过大而引起的绳间碰撞时有发生,其危害是易损伤钢丝绳表面、加速钢丝绳破断与天轮磨损,已成为严重影响矿井提升安全的危险因素之一。为解决此工程故障,本文从以下四方面开展了深入研究:(1)建立了悬绳多源耦合横向振动模型。首先,基于移动原点坐标系统推导出了变长度垂直提升主绳在受到天轮端周期性横向位移激励时的横-纵向耦合振动方程,通过数值仿真分析了主绳在天轮端的动态张力变化规律,为悬绳横向振动的建模提供了动态张力的理论基础;其次,以天轮与摩擦轮的轴向摆动为边界激励,综合提升速度、绳槽直径、悬绳长度、张力等多源耦合因素,建立了提升悬绳多源耦合横向振动模型,推导出了悬绳横向振动位移的数学表达式,并基于实测数据验证了悬绳多源耦合横向振动模型的有效性。(2)进行了多源耦合振动特性及大振幅横向振动抑制研究。首先,基于悬绳的横向振动常微分方程组,以天轮与摩擦轮的轴向摆动位移为激励,考虑天轮与摩擦轮轴向摆动的高阶影响,探讨了悬绳的多源耦合振动特性,得出提升加速度与绳槽直径为悬绳大振幅横向振动的弱耦合参数,天轮的轴向摆动阶次、等速提升速度、提升载荷及悬绳长度为悬绳大振幅横向振动的强耦合参数。其次,研究了悬绳横向振幅的安全范围与抑制准则,进行了基于悬绳横向振动特性的强耦合提升参数(等速提升速度、提升载荷与悬绳长度)的合理取值,实现了大振幅横向振动的有效抑制。(3)研究了基于视觉跟踪的移动悬绳横向振动测量方法。首先,针对移动悬绳横向振动检测中难以选取特征参考点的问题,提出了基于机器视觉技术的解决方案,把对线形目标物横向振动检测的问题成功转化为对运动点的位移检测。其次,提出了Kalman预测和Mean Shift跟踪融合的移动悬绳横向振动测量方法,实现了悬绳上被测点的强鲁棒性跟踪与位移测定。最后,基于悬绳横向振动理论模型与仿真实验台分别验证了所提方法在矿井提升悬绳横向振动检测中的适用性与数值准确性。(4)进行了悬绳碰撞行为故障诊断与预防研究。首先,构建了影响悬绳横向振动的源信息感知软硬件系统。其次,基于实测数据与悬绳横向振动理论模型进行了悬绳碰撞行为的故障诊断研究,得出张力平衡装置故障与天轮轴向摆动为引发悬绳碰撞的危险源。最后,探讨了天轮轴向摆动安全评价标准的适用性,开发了天轮轴向摆动与张力平衡装置姿态的在线检测与预警系统,实现了悬绳碰撞行为的有效预防。本文研究成果能为落地式多绳摩擦提升机的安全设计、运行监测与工程维护提供技术支持,也可为布雷尔式多绳缠绕矿井提升机的故障维护与预防提供良好参考。
[Abstract]:That country "13th Five-Year" plan: the need to establish the risk identification and early warning mechanism, in a controlled manner and rhythm of active release risk, focus on improving the risk control ability of mineral resources and other aspects. With the widely used in mine hoist lifting of multirope friction, the suspension rope caused by excessive lateral amplitude caused by the rope when the collision occurred, the damage is easy to damage the surface of steel wire rope, wire rope and sheave accelerated breaking wear, has become a serious impact on the safety of mine hoist is one of the risk factors. To solve this fault, this paper from the following four aspects to carry out in-depth research: (1) established multi lateral vibration model of suspension rope coupling. First, move the origin of the coordinate system is derived with variable length vertical lifting rope sheave end under periodic transverse displacement excitation of the transverse and longitudinal coupling vibration equations based on the numerical simulation analysis. The dynamic tension changes in the end of the main rope sheave, provides a theoretical basis for modeling the dynamic tension of the transverse vibration of the suspension rope; secondly, the axial swing and friction wheel sheave for boundary excitation, comprehensively enhance the speed, the diameter of the rope groove, hanging rope length, tension and other multi-source coupling factors, established the lifting rope suspension multi coupled transverse vibration model, deduces the mathematical expressions of transverse vibration of the suspension rope, and based on the measured data verify the effectiveness of the suspension rope multi-source coupled transverse vibration model. (2) studied the vibration suppression characteristics of multi-source coupling and large amplitude vibration. First, the transverse vibration of the suspension rope based on ordinary differential equations the axial swing displacement, wheel and friction wheel for wheel and axle friction excitation, considering the high order effect to swing, discusses the characteristics of multi-source coupling vibration of suspension rope, improve the acceleration and the diameter of the rope hanging rope groove Weak coupling parameters of transverse vibration of large amplitude, pulley axial swing order, isokinetic lifting speed, lifting load and suspension rope length for the strong coupling parameters of suspension rope transverse vibration of large amplitude. Secondly, study the safety range of the suspension rope transverse amplitude and suppression of the strong coupling principle, the transverse vibration characteristics of lifting rope based on the parameters (isokinetic lifting speed, lifting load and suspension rope length) of the reasonable value, can effectively restrain the transverse vibration of large amplitude. (3) studied visual tracking mobile measurement method based on transverse vibration of suspension rope. First of all, for the mobile hanging rope transverse vibration detection is difficult to select the feature of reference point, put forward a solution based on machine vision technology, the lateral vibration of the linear target detection problem is transformed into displacement detection of the moving point. Secondly, proposed fusion tracking Kalman prediction and Mean Shift The mobile measuring method of transverse vibration of suspension rope, the rope hanging on by the measuring point of robust tracking and displacement measurement. Finally, the rope hanging transverse vibration theory model and simulation experimental platform were proposed in the applicability of the suspension rope transverse vibration in the detection and numerical accuracy of mine hoist based on (4). The suspension rope collision behavior of fault diagnosis and prevention research. First, construct the source information sensing hardware system influence the transverse vibration of the suspension rope. Secondly, the measured data and the theoretical model of the transverse vibration of suspension rope for hanging rope fault diagnosis fault based on collision behavior, the tension balance device and pulley axial swing by fault hazard hanging rope collision. Finally, discusses the applicability of sheave axial swing security evaluation criteria, online detection and warning system is developed and the axial oscillating sheave tension balance device to achieve attitude. Effective prevention of suspension rope collision behavior. This research results for multirope friction hoist safety design, operation monitoring and maintenance to provide technical support, but also for Blair type multi rope winding mine hoist fault maintenance and prevention to provide a good reference.

【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD53;TP391.41

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