集成光波导三维脉冲电场传感系统研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 16:15

  本文选题：集成光波导 + 电场传感器　； 参考：《电子科技大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：集成光波导电场传感器具有体积小、带宽宽、抗电磁干扰能力强、对被测电场扰动小等特点,因此非常有潜力应用于瞬态强电磁脉冲的时域测量。论文主要针对一种以铌酸锂(LiNbO3, LN)电光调制为基础的马赫增德尔干涉仪(Mach Zehnder Interferometer, MZI)型集成光波导脉冲电场传感器及其系统展开研究。主要内容包括：1.集成光波导脉冲电场传感器基本原理及其系统组成分析分析给出了LN集成MZI型光波导电场传感器的基本工作原理及其系统的一般组成。分别从时域和频域分析了π/2的固有相位差(线性工作点)对MZI型集成光波导电场传感器最大不失真地探测空间电场的重要性。推导给出了集成光波导电场传感系统灵敏度的一般表达式,并得出系统最小可测电场与传感器的半波电场成正比,同时还与系统噪声带宽的平方根成正比。最后分析给出了脉冲电场传感系统线性最大可测电场和传感器半波电场的关系,并对比分析了电场传感器的频域以及时域测试方法。2.基于波长调谐的集成光波导电场传感器工作点控制研究工作点的稳定对传感器的各项性能指标包括灵敏度、带宽、时域波形探测等都至关重要。分析得出,LN集成MZI型光波导电场传感器工作点的漂移是一个普遍存在的、复杂的物理过程,想要从改进器件制作工艺或者结构等方面完全解决工作点的漂移问题几乎是不可能的。提出并通过软硬件开发出一套基于波长调谐的新型集成光波导电场传感器工作点控制系统。由于系统采用一种纯光的控制技术,因此不会对被测电场产生干扰。最后由实验测试得出,系统控制精度、控制时间等性能指标满足传感器探测时域脉冲的要求。3.集成光波导三维纳秒电磁脉冲传感系统研究纳秒电磁脉冲如核电磁脉冲的时域测量技术已成为电磁攻防领域急需解决的关键性科学问题之一。论文使用CST Microwave Studio对电场传感器天线及其电极进行数值仿真,最终研制出一种高灵敏度的对数周期天线集成光波导三维(Three dimensional,3D)纳秒电磁脉冲传感系统,和另一种低灵敏度的领结天线集成光波导3D纳秒电磁脉冲传感系统。时域测试表明,研制的3D纳秒电磁脉冲传感系统探测到的脉冲时域波形特性参数相对于原始波形误差在2.5%以内,并且3D电场传感系统线性可测脉冲电场最小低于104 V/m,最大超过56 kV/m。频响测试表明,3D电场传感系统带宽范围为100 kHz到1 GHz。4.集成光波导三维微秒强电磁脉冲传感系统研究对高电压工程领域普遍存在的场强高达几百甚至上千kV/m的微秒电磁脉冲进行时域测量,对于保证电网安全可靠地运行具有重要意义。以行波天线理论为基础,设计了一种天线阻抗渐变的锥形天线集成光波导强电场传感器,并通过制作三只天线和非对称MZI直波导臂夹角为54.7。的锥形天线集成光波导强电场传感器,然后将它们安装在一个正三棱柱的三个侧面上,最终研制出一种体积更小的新型集成光波导三维强电场传感器。使用标准雷电电磁脉冲对电场传感系统进行时域测试得出,系统线性最大可测脉冲电场可达1200 kV/m。最后由理论分析得出,传感系统探测到的脉冲时域波形中夹杂的振荡噪声主要来自LN晶体逆压电效应引起压电谐振,并对几种可能的降噪方法进行分析讨论。5.集成光波导反射式脉冲电场传感系统研究为了进一步减小集成光波导电场传感探头的体积,使其能够用于测量一些狭窄空间中的电场,通过理论分析与仿真计算,研制出一种结构更紧凑的新型反射式锥形偶极子天线阵列集成光波导电场传感器。时域测试表明,研制的10组锥形偶极子天线阵列反射式光波导电场传感系统线性可测脉冲电场范围为640 V/m到29.4 kV/m；研制的4组锥形偶极子天线阵列反射式光波导电场传感系统线性可测脉冲电场范围为1.3 kV/m到58.7 kV/m。频响测试表明,研制的反射式锥形偶极子天线阵列光波导电场传感系统带宽范围为100 kHz到12 GHz。
[Abstract]:The integrated optical waveguide electric field sensor has the characteristics of small size, wide band, strong ability to resist electromagnetic interference and small disturbance to the measured electric field. Therefore, it has great potential to be applied to the time domain measurement of transient strong electromagnetic pulse. The paper mainly focuses on a Machka Del interferometer based on LiNbO3 (LN) electro-optical modulation (Mach Zehnder Interfe). Rometer, MZI) integrated light wave guided pulsed electric field sensor and its system development. The main contents include: 1. the basic principle and system composition of the integrated optical wave conduction pulse electric field sensor are analyzed and analyzed. The basic working principle and the general composition of the LN integrated MZI type optical waveguide electric field sensor are given. The importance of the intrinsic phase difference (linear working point) of PI /2 to the detection of the spatial electric field in the MZI integrated optical waveguide electric field sensor is analyzed. The general expression of the sensitivity of the integrated optical waveguide electric field sensing system is derived, and the minimum measurable electric field of the system is proportional to the half wave electric field of the sensor. The square root of the noise bandwidth is proportional to the square root. Finally, the relationship between the linear maximum measurable electric field of the pulsed electric field sensing system and the half wave electric field of the sensor is given, and the stability of the frequency domain and time domain test method of the electric field sensor is compared and analyzed. The stability of the work point of the work point control of an integrated optical waveguide electric field sensor based on the wavelength tuning.2. is compared and analyzed. Every performance index of the sensor, including sensitivity, bandwidth and time domain waveform detection, is very important. It is concluded that the drift of the working point of the LN integrated MZI type optical waveguide electric field sensor is a universal and complex physical process, and it is necessary to solve the drift problem of the work point completely from the aspects of improving the fabrication process or the structure of the device. It is almost impossible to develop a new type of integrated optical waveguide electric field sensor control system based on wavelength tuning. Because the system uses a pure light control technology, it will not interfere with the measured electric field. Finally, the performance of the system control precision and control time is obtained by the experimental test. .3. integrated optical waveguide three-dimensional nanosecond electromagnetic pulse sensing system to meet the requirements of sensor detection in time domain pulse. The time domain measurement technology of nanosecond electromagnetic pulse, such as nuclear electromagnetic pulse, has become one of the key scientific problems to be solved in the field of electromagnetic attack and defense. The paper uses CST Microwave Studio for the electric field sensor antenna and its electricity A highly sensitive logarithmic periodic antenna integrated optical waveguide three-dimensional (Three dimensional, 3D) nanosecond electromagnetic pulse sensing system and another low sensitive tie antenna integrated optical waveguide 3D nanosecond electromagnetic pulse sensing system are finally developed. The time domain test shows that the developed 3D nanosecond electromagnetic pulse sensing system is developed. The characteristic parameters of the detected pulse time waveform are less than 2.5% of the original waveform error, and the linear measurable pulse electric field of the 3D electric field sensing system is less than 104 V/m, and the maximum over 56 kV/m. frequency response test shows that the bandwidth range of the 3D electric field sensing system is from 100 kHz to 1 GHz.4. integrated optical waveguide three dimensional strong electromagnetic pulse sensing system In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power grid, it is of great significance to study the time domain measurement for the time domain of the microsecond electromagnetic pulse which is up to hundreds or even thousands of kV/m in the field of high voltage engineering. Based on the theory of traveling wave antenna, a kind of integrated optical waveguide electric field sensor with tapered antenna with gradual antenna impedance is designed. A conical antenna with three antennas and an asymmetrical MZI straight waveguide arm with an angle of 54.7. is integrated to integrate light wave conduction field sensors. Then they are installed on three sides of a positive three prism, and a new type of new integrated optical waveguide sensor with smaller volume is developed, and the electric field sensor system is used by standard lightning electromagnetic pulse. In time domain test, the linear maximum measurable pulse electric field of the system can reach 1200 kV/m.. Finally, the theoretical analysis shows that the oscillating noise in the time-domain waveform detected by the sensing system mainly comes from the inverse piezoelectric effect of the LN crystal, and analyzes several possible noise reduction methods to discuss the.5. integrated optical waveguide. In order to further reduce the volume of the electric field sensor probe in the integrated optical waveguide, the reflective pulsed electric field sensor system can be used to measure the electric field in some narrow space. Through theoretical analysis and simulation calculation, a new type of reflective cone dipole antenna array integrated optical waveguide electric field sensor is developed. The time domain test shows that the linear measurable electric field range of the 10 conical dipole antenna array reflecting optical waveguide electric field sensing system is from 640 V/m to 29.4 kV/m, and the linear measurable pulse electric field range of the 4 conical dipole antenna array reflecting optical waveguide electric field sensing system is from 1.3 kV/m to 58.7 kV/m. frequency response tests. The reflective tapered dipole antenna array optical waveguide electric field sensing system has a bandwidth ranging from 100 kHz to 12 GHz..

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN252;TP212
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本文编号：1839192