无线传感器网络覆盖优化方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 22:40

本文选题：无线传感器网络 + 休眠机制　；参考：《南京理工大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 随着无线通信技术和电子器件技术的快速发展,低成本、低功耗、多功能的无线传感器的开发和广泛应用成为可能。如何实现最优覆盖,使网络在保证可靠监测性能的同时延长网络生存时间是无线传感器网络的一个基本问题。调度冗余节点轮流休眠能有效延长网络寿命。本文针对节点高密度随机均匀布撒的网络,在综合了大量有关无线传感器网络休眠算法文献的基础上,分析了几种常用的基于冗余节点判定的休眠机制,得到了值得借鉴的思想。针对这几种冗余节点判定算法复杂度过高、选出的工作节点过多以及无法使边界节点休眠等问题,本文以基于扇区覆盖的Tian D算法为基础,结合Huang算法的圆周覆盖思想,提出了一种改进的无线传感器网络休眠机制。首先通过密度控制使冗余度过高的区域中部分节点先休眠,使活跃节点分布更均匀;然后对活跃节点进行圆周覆盖冗余判定,对网络边界节点和非边界节点使用不同的圆周覆盖判定方法,从而使边界节点和非边界节点均得到很好的休眠,降低了网络冗余度。仿真结果表明,在保持网络原有的覆盖率的基础上,改进休眠机制使得网络活跃节点数目更少、分布更均匀,网络生存时间得到延长。在此基础上,本论文针对节点失效的无线传感器网络的修复覆盖问题进行了讨论,阐述了重构的概念及其关键问题。提出了一种自适应的传感器网络重构方案:当网络冗余节点密度较大时使用休眠节点唤醒机制,当冗余节点密度较小时使用基于Dijkstra算法的节点移动机制。仿真结果表明,该重构方案能较好的修复节点失效的网络。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless communication technology and electronic device technology, the development and wide application of low-cost, low-power, multi-function wireless sensors are possible. How to achieve optimal coverage and ensure reliable monitoring performance while prolonging network lifetime is a basic problem in wireless sensor networks (WSN). Scheduling redundant nodes can effectively prolong network life by taking turns dormancy. In this paper, based on a large number of literatures on sleep algorithms of wireless sensor networks, several commonly used sleep mechanisms based on redundant node decision are analyzed for nodes with high density and random and uniform distribution. Got the thought which is worth drawing lessons from. In view of the high complexity of these redundant node decision algorithms, the number of selected working nodes and the inability to make the boundary nodes dormant, this paper bases on the Tian D algorithm based on sector coverage and combines the circular coverage idea of the Huang algorithm. An improved sleep mechanism for wireless sensor networks is proposed. First, some nodes in the region with high redundancy are dormant by density control to make the active nodes distribute more evenly, and then the active nodes are judged by circumferential coverage redundancy. Different circumferential coverage decision methods are used for the network boundary nodes and the non-boundary nodes so that both the boundary nodes and the non-boundary nodes are dormant very well and the redundancy of the network is reduced. The simulation results show that on the basis of maintaining the original coverage of the network, the improved dormancy mechanism makes the number of active nodes in the network less, the distribution more uniform, and the network lifetime extended. On this basis, the repair coverage of wireless sensor networks with node failure is discussed in this paper, and the concept of reconstruction and its key problems are discussed. In this paper, an adaptive sensor network reconstruction scheme is proposed. When the redundant node density is high, the dormant node wake-up mechanism is used, and the node movement mechanism based on Dijkstra algorithm is used when the redundant node density is small. The simulation results show that the proposed reconstruction scheme can effectively repair the network with node failure.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

【引证文献】