电子设备电磁干扰分析的高效时域算法研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 08:06

【摘要】：随着无线通信技术和脉冲技术的发展,空间电磁环境变得日益复杂。处于复杂电磁环境中的电子设备,容易受到外界电磁波的电磁干扰。为了保证电子设备的正常工作以及更好地指导电子设备的电磁防护设计,需要一套计算模型和数值方法来分析电子设备的电磁干扰问题。目前,采用数值方法分析电子设备的电磁干扰问题仍具有很大的挑战性。为此,本文较系统地研究了多种高效的时域混合算法,用于电子设备场线耦合问题以及场路混合问题的模拟和分析。本文的主要工作和创新点总结如下：一、发展了无限大地面上长电缆电磁耦合的快速计算方法。首先,建立了地面上多导体发射线对多导体受扰线的串扰模型,分析了多导体受扰线端接负载的串扰响应特性。然后,提出了一种地面上长电缆激励场的快速计算方法,避免了对无限大地面的直接建模,然后结合传输线方程和FDTD方法,研究了一种高效的时域混合算法,能够快速模拟电磁波耦合到地面上几百米长电缆的瞬态响应,且占用内存很少,并分析了电磁脉冲对地面上长电缆的电磁耦合规律,同时解决了多个宽频带辐射源同时照射长电缆电磁耦合计算难的问题。在此基础上,建立了地面上屏蔽电缆的电磁耦合模型,研究了屏蔽电缆的场线耦合算法,分析了屏蔽电缆接地状态对皮电流和芯线响应的影响。二、研究了设备屏蔽腔内传输线电磁耦合的高效时域混合算法。首先研究了一种电磁仿真软件与传输线方程相结合的时域混合算法,高效模拟了电磁波对电大尺寸设备屏蔽腔内传输线的电磁耦合问题。然后提出了一种FDTD混合算法与传输线方程相结合的时域混合算法(FDTD-TL算法),实现了设备屏蔽腔结构的快速建模,以及空间电磁场与传输线瞬态响应的同步计算。在此基础上,将地面上长电缆耦合的时域混合算法和设备屏蔽腔内传输线耦合的时域混合算法模块化并封装,形成了场线耦合效应仿真软件。三、实现了FDTD-TL算法的大规模并行计算。基于北京应用物理与计算数学研究所研制的并行自适应结构网络应用支撑软件框架(JASMIN),研究了大规模并行FDTD算法。通过1kW微波源机箱和单层多尺度建筑物电磁耦合的数值模拟,验证了算法的正确性。然后,将FDTD-TL算法与大规模并行FDTD算法结合起来并移植到JASMIN框架下,实现FDTD-TL算法的大规模并行计算,通过相应的算例验证了FDTD-TL并行算法的正确性和高效性,并分析了大功率微波源磁控管电磁泄漏对内部传输线的电磁耦合特性。四、研究了集总加载线天线的电磁脉冲耦合效应及防护。提出了网格内置集总元件的FDTD处理新方法,并与细导线FDTD方法结合起来,形成高效的时域混合算法,模拟了电磁脉冲对集总加载线天线的耦合,分析了入射电磁脉冲的类型以及脉冲宽度对天线上电流响应的影响,为天线进行前门防护设计提供理论依据。然后针对工作于50MHz-110MHz的超短波天线,设计了一款前门防护模块。通过电路仿真软件对滤波电路和前门防护模块电路进行了设计,并加工成实物进行测试,使其满足指标要求。五、发展了电子设备电磁干扰分析的高效场路混合时域算法。结合FDTD-TL算法和电路分析方法,研究了一种新型的场路混合时域算法,用于电子设备贯通导线的电磁干扰分析。基于戴维南等效定理,研究了贯通导线电磁耦合的等效电路模型,利用状态变量法对贯通导线端接的集总电路进行电磁干扰分析。通过相应的数值算例验证了该算法的正确性和高效性,并将该算法应用于电子设备贯通导线的滤波防护设计,取得很好的设计效果。提出了一种新型的时域S参数级联技术,结合FDTD-TL算法,研究了一种新型的场路混合时域算法,用于电子设备内部传输线网络的电磁干扰分析。根据时域S参数级联技术,将传输线网络分解成传输线与电路两部分,将电路对传输线的作用通过S参数进行等效,对于各段传输线采用FDTD-TL算法进行场线耦合模拟,从而获得传输线网络的瞬态响应,通过相应的数值算例验证了该算法的正确性和高效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of wireless communication technology and pulse technology, the space electromagnetic environment becomes increasingly complex. The electronic devices in the complex electromagnetic environment are vulnerable to electromagnetic interference from the external electromagnetic waves. In order to ensure the normal work of the electronic equipment and better guide the electrical and magnetic protection design of the electronic equipment, a set of calculation model and numerical value are needed. Method to analyze the electromagnetic interference of electronic equipment. At present, it is still very challenging to use numerical methods to analyze the electromagnetic interference problem of electronic equipment. Therefore, a variety of efficient time-domain hybrid algorithms are systematically studied in this paper, which are used for simulation and analysis of field line coupling problems and field road mixing problems in electronic equipment. The main work and innovation points are summarized as follows: first, the fast calculation method for the electromagnetic coupling of long cables on the infinite ground is developed. First, the crosstalk model of the multi conductor transmission line on the ground is established, and the crosstalk response characteristic of the load on the end of the multi conductor interference line is analyzed. Then a long cable excitation on the ground is proposed. The fast calculation method of the excited field avoids the direct modeling of the infinite ground. Then, combining the transmission line equation and the FDTD method, a highly efficient time-domain hybrid algorithm is studied. It can quickly simulate the transient response of the electromagnetic wave coupled to the ground hundreds of meters long cable and occupies little memory, and analyses the long power of the electromagnetic pulse to the ground. The electromagnetic coupling law of the cable solves the problem of the electromagnetic coupling calculation of the long cable with multiple broadband radiation sources at the same time. On this basis, the electromagnetic coupling model of the shielded cable on the ground is set up, the field line coupling algorithm of the shielded cable is studied, and the influence of the grounding state of the shielded cable on the skin current and the response of the core line is analyzed. Two, the efficient time domain hybrid algorithm for electromagnetic coupling of transmission line in the shielding cavity is studied. First, a time-domain hybrid algorithm combined with electromagnetic simulation software and transmission line equation is studied. The electromagnetic coupling problem of electromagnetic wave to the transmission line in the shielding cavity of large size equipment is efficiently simulated. Then a hybrid FDTD algorithm and transmission are proposed. The time domain hybrid algorithm (FDTD-TL algorithm) combined with the transmission line equation realizes the rapid modeling of the structure of the shielding cavity of the equipment and the synchronous calculation of the transient response of the space electromagnetic field and the transmission line. On this basis, the time domain hybrid algorithm of the long cable coupled in the ground and the time domain hybrid algorithm of the transmission line coupling in the shielding cavity of the equipment is modularized and The field line coupling effect simulation software is formed. Three, the large-scale parallel computing of the FDTD-TL algorithm is realized. Based on the parallel adaptive structure network application support software framework (JASMIN) developed by the Beijing Applied Physics and Computing Mathematics Research Institute, the large-scale parallel FDTD algorithm is studied. The 1kW microwave source chassis and the single layer multi-scale architecture are used. The validity of the algorithm is verified by the numerical simulation of the electromagnetic coupling. Then, the FDTD-TL algorithm is combined with the large-scale parallel FDTD algorithm and transplanted into the JASMIN framework to realize the large-scale parallel computation of the FDTD-TL algorithm. The correctness and efficiency of the FDTD-TL parallel algorithm are verified by the corresponding calculation examples, and the high-power microwave source is analyzed. The electromagnetic coupling characteristics of the magnetron leakage to the internal transmission line. Four, the electromagnetic pulse coupling effect and protection of the lumped load line antenna are studied. A new method of FDTD processing in the grid is put forward, which is combined with the thin wire FDTD method to form an efficient time domain hybrid algorithm, and the electromagnetic pulse is simulated on the lumped load line. The coupling of the antenna, the type of the incident electromagnetic pulse and the influence of the pulse width on the current response on the antenna, provide the theoretical basis for the front door protection design of the antenna. Then, a front door protection module is designed for the ultra short wave antenna working in the 50MHz-110MHz. The filter circuit and front door protection module are used by the circuit simulation software. The block circuit is designed and processed into material to be tested to meet the requirement of the target. Five, an efficient field road hybrid time domain algorithm is developed for electromagnetic interference analysis of electronic equipment. A new field path hybrid time domain algorithm is studied with FDTD-TL algorithm and circuit analysis method, which is used for the electromagnetic interference analysis of the connecting wire of electronic equipment. Based on the de Venan equivalent theorem, the equivalent circuit model of the electromagnetic coupling of the through wire is studied. The analysis of the electromagnetic interference is carried out by the state variable method. The correctness and efficiency of the algorithm are verified by the corresponding numerical examples, and the method is applied to the filtering protection of the connecting wire of the electronic equipment. A new kind of time-domain S parameter cascade technology is proposed. A new kind of field path hybrid time domain algorithm is studied with FDTD-TL algorithm, which is used to analyze the electromagnetic interference of the internal transmission line network of electronic devices. The transmission line network is decomposed into two parts of the transmission line and the circuit according to the S parameter cascade technology in the time domain. The effect of the circuit on the transmission line is equivalent by the S parameter, and the field line coupling is simulated by FDTD-TL algorithm for the transmission lines of each segment, thus the transient response of the transmission line network is obtained. The correctness and efficiency of the algorithm is verified by the corresponding numerical examples.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN811;TN820

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