分离载荷无线组网MAC协议关键技术研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 17:25
【摘要】：随着空间技术与应用的发展,未来空间系统正在向以网络为中心的多个卫星或者多个航天器模块,按不同应用需求分布在一种或多种轨道上,协同合作完成某项空间任务(如:遥感、导航、探测、通信等)的方向发展。其中星间通信组网技术是各种分布式卫星系统关键技术之一。但由于星间通信距离变化大、三维动态自组网、星载资源受限等特点使得星间通信组网技术的研究面临着诸多挑战。本文针对星间通信无线自组网MAC协议关键技术开展深入研究。首先对适合于星间通信组网的IEEE 802.11 MAC协议进行了较为深入的研究,分析了星间长距离通信对IEEE 802.11 MAC协议影响,并建立了马尔科夫链分析模型对MAC协议进行了理论分析与验证。接下来在星间长距离通信、星间网络规模已知信息、星间网络传输数据特性三个方面,对IEEE 802.11 MAC协议分别进行了适应性改进和优化研究,提出了一种基于CSMA,辅以确定性的避免冲突算法的协议CSMA/AWCA,利用优化后的MAC协议进行了分离载荷无线组网FP-MAC协议方案的设计,利用NS3网络仿真平台对FP-MAC协议进行可行性分析和性能仿真验证。论文的主要研究工作如下:1.针对星间网络通信距离长、卫星尺寸重量功率受限、网络规模变化和卫星数据业务等特点,对介质访问控制协议,包括固定分配类协议如TDMA、FDMA、CDMA,中心调度类协议如轮询,竞争类协议如ALOHA、CSMA等,进行了优缺点定性分析,确定了基于CSMA/CA的IEEE 802.11无线MAC协议(Wi Fi技术)为论文研究基础。2.针对星间通信长距离导致的传播时延高,深入分析了IEEE 802.11 MAC协议跟传播时延有关的超时等待机制、虚拟载波侦听机制、帧间间隔等;时隙是MAC协议工作的基本时间单位,重点分析了时隙和传播时延的关系,提出了冲突间隔的概念,并建立了长距离下的马尔科夫链模型对MAC协议进行了理论分析与验证。3.针对星间通信网络传播时延高及隐藏终端等问题,对IEEE 802.11 MAC协议的工作流程、帧间间隔进行了改进,确定了星间长距离约束条件下的最短数据帧长、NAV、Slot Time的计算方法;针对星间通信距离变化,提出了一种自适应调整MAC协议参数的方法。4.针对星间通信网络规模信息已知的情况,在星间长通信距离改进协议基础上,改进了退避算法,设计了一种新的基于CSMA,辅以确定性的避免冲突算法的协议CSMA/AWCA,提高了网络吞吐量,降低了MAC接入时延,减少了冲突率。5.研究并实现分离载荷无线组网的FP-MAC协议,根据飞行编队拓扑结构、节点类型和应用要求,设计了组网信道用于卫星组网时数据交互,负责管理通信网络,以及数据通信信道用于组网后科学数据和运控数据进行数据传输,给出了相应的流程方案,在NS3卫星网络仿真平台进行了协议进行了性能测试。
[Abstract]:With the development of space technology and applications, space systems in the future are distributed in one or more orbits according to different application requirements. Cooperative development of a space mission (e.g. remote sensing, navigation, detection, communication, etc.). Inter-satellite communication networking is one of the key technologies of distributed satellite systems. However, the research of intersatellite communication network technology is facing many challenges due to the large variation of communication distance between satellites, 3D dynamic ad hoc network and limited space-borne resources. This paper focuses on the key technologies of wireless ad hoc network (MAC) protocol for inter satellite communication. Firstly, the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol suitable for intersatellite communication network is studied deeply, and the influence of intersatellite long distance communication on IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol is analyzed, and the Markov chain analysis model is established to analyze and verify the MAC protocol theoretically. Then, the adaptive improvement and optimization of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol are carried out in three aspects: intersatellite long distance communication, known information of intersatellite network size, and data characteristics of intersatellite network transmission. In this paper, a protocol based on CSMA, and deterministic collision avoidance algorithm is proposed. CSMA/AWCA, uses the optimized MAC protocol to design the FP-MAC protocol for the separated payload wireless network. NS3 network simulation platform is used to analyze the feasibility and performance of FP-MAC protocol. The main research work is as follows: 1. In view of the long communication distance between satellites, the limitation of satellite size and power, the change of network size and the satellite data service, the media access control protocols, including fixed allocation protocols such as TDMA,FDMA,CDMA, central scheduling protocols such as polling, are used. Competitive protocols, such as ALOHA,CSMA, are qualitatively analyzed, and (Wi Fi technology of IEEE 802.11 wireless MAC protocol based on CSMA/CA is determined as the basis of this paper. 2. In view of the high propagation delay caused by the long distance communication between satellites, the time-out waiting mechanism related to the propagation delay of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol, the virtual carrier interception mechanism, the inter-frame interval and so on, are deeply analyzed. The time slot is the basic unit of time for the work of the MAC protocol. The relationship between time slot and propagation delay is analyzed emphatically, the concept of conflict interval is proposed, and the Markov chain model for long distance is established to analyze and verify the MAC protocol theoretically. Aiming at the problems of high propagation delay and hidden terminal in inter-satellite communication network, the work flow and inter-frame interval of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol are improved, and the calculation method of the shortest data frame length and NAV,Slot Time under the condition of inter-satellite long distance constraint is determined. An adaptive method for adjusting the parameters of MAC protocol is proposed for the variation of inter-satellite communication distance. 4. In view of the known information of inter-satellite communication network scale, the Backoff algorithm is improved on the basis of the improved inter-satellite communication distance protocol, and a new protocol CSMA/AWCA, which is based on CSMA, and deterministic collision avoidance algorithm, is designed to improve the throughput of the network. The delay of MAC access is reduced and the collision rate is reduced by 5. 5%. This paper studies and implements the FP-MAC protocol of wireless network with separated payload. According to the topological structure of formation, node type and application requirements, the networked channel is designed for data exchange in satellite networking, which is responsible for the management of communication network. The data communication channel is used for the data transmission of scientific data and operation control data after networking. The corresponding flow scheme is given and the performance of the protocol is tested on the NS3 satellite network simulation platform.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院国家空间科学中心
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN915.04
本文编号：2292051
[Abstract]:With the development of space technology and applications, space systems in the future are distributed in one or more orbits according to different application requirements. Cooperative development of a space mission (e.g. remote sensing, navigation, detection, communication, etc.). Inter-satellite communication networking is one of the key technologies of distributed satellite systems. However, the research of intersatellite communication network technology is facing many challenges due to the large variation of communication distance between satellites, 3D dynamic ad hoc network and limited space-borne resources. This paper focuses on the key technologies of wireless ad hoc network (MAC) protocol for inter satellite communication. Firstly, the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol suitable for intersatellite communication network is studied deeply, and the influence of intersatellite long distance communication on IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol is analyzed, and the Markov chain analysis model is established to analyze and verify the MAC protocol theoretically. Then, the adaptive improvement and optimization of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol are carried out in three aspects: intersatellite long distance communication, known information of intersatellite network size, and data characteristics of intersatellite network transmission. In this paper, a protocol based on CSMA, and deterministic collision avoidance algorithm is proposed. CSMA/AWCA, uses the optimized MAC protocol to design the FP-MAC protocol for the separated payload wireless network. NS3 network simulation platform is used to analyze the feasibility and performance of FP-MAC protocol. The main research work is as follows: 1. In view of the long communication distance between satellites, the limitation of satellite size and power, the change of network size and the satellite data service, the media access control protocols, including fixed allocation protocols such as TDMA,FDMA,CDMA, central scheduling protocols such as polling, are used. Competitive protocols, such as ALOHA,CSMA, are qualitatively analyzed, and (Wi Fi technology of IEEE 802.11 wireless MAC protocol based on CSMA/CA is determined as the basis of this paper. 2. In view of the high propagation delay caused by the long distance communication between satellites, the time-out waiting mechanism related to the propagation delay of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol, the virtual carrier interception mechanism, the inter-frame interval and so on, are deeply analyzed. The time slot is the basic unit of time for the work of the MAC protocol. The relationship between time slot and propagation delay is analyzed emphatically, the concept of conflict interval is proposed, and the Markov chain model for long distance is established to analyze and verify the MAC protocol theoretically. Aiming at the problems of high propagation delay and hidden terminal in inter-satellite communication network, the work flow and inter-frame interval of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol are improved, and the calculation method of the shortest data frame length and NAV,Slot Time under the condition of inter-satellite long distance constraint is determined. An adaptive method for adjusting the parameters of MAC protocol is proposed for the variation of inter-satellite communication distance. 4. In view of the known information of inter-satellite communication network scale, the Backoff algorithm is improved on the basis of the improved inter-satellite communication distance protocol, and a new protocol CSMA/AWCA, which is based on CSMA, and deterministic collision avoidance algorithm, is designed to improve the throughput of the network. The delay of MAC access is reduced and the collision rate is reduced by 5. 5%. This paper studies and implements the FP-MAC protocol of wireless network with separated payload. According to the topological structure of formation, node type and application requirements, the networked channel is designed for data exchange in satellite networking, which is responsible for the management of communication network. The data communication channel is used for the data transmission of scientific data and operation control data after networking. The corresponding flow scheme is given and the performance of the protocol is tested on the NS3 satellite network simulation platform.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院国家空间科学中心
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN915.04
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