越南华文报纸发展历史研究

发布时间：2018-11-11 13:58

【摘要】：越南华人大部分聚居越南南方,南方华人又大都集中于西贡与堤岸(简称西堤,后来官方统称为西贡)。越南华文报纸则以堤岸(即后来统称的西贡堤岸区)为中心!越南华文报业有着悠久的历史,从20世纪初到现在,已有近百年的发展历程。据资料记载与华文报前辈忆述,越南第一家华文报纸,也是整个中南半岛的第一家华文报纸,是1918年在越南西贡堤岸区创刊的《南圻日报》(越文为:NHAT BAO NAM KY)。在上世纪六、七十年代,论华文报纸家数之多和水准之高,越南出版的华文报纸曾经称冠东南亚地区,在亚洲仅次于中国香港和台湾。直至1975年,南方解放与越南全国统一之后,所有在越南本土发行出版的华文报纸,不论日报还是晚报全部停刊,越南全国从南到北的十几家华文报社被迫关闭停止营业,只剩下西贡堤岸区的华文地下报《解放报》(越文为:BAO GIAI PHONG TIENG HOA)。该报原是南方解放前的华文地下报《工人报》(越文为:BAO CONG NHAN TIENG HOA),同时也是现在越南唯一一家以方块字为传媒的纸印报纸。自1918年至1975年间,越南华文报纸历经五十七年风雨苍黄,经历了无数风雨,无数坎坷,无数险阻!为何曾经称冠东南亚的越南华文报业终于走进历史?越南华文报业是如何从纯属商业性经营、言论自由转型成为越南共产党党部、政府和人民的言论机关?本人将从论文的第一章着手分析,概括华文报纸在越南的诞生与其五十七年创业艰苦的历程,有早期、中期及近期,每个时期有每个时期的艰难困苦。在这五十七年里,虽说也有发展,也在壮大,但始终离不开挣扎求存的挑战。可见,越南华文报纸的存在充满变数,危机四伏,极为严酷!接下来,本人将会阐述1975年越南全国统一后,越南华文报业由盛到衰的变化,越南政府对华文报纸的操控及越南华文报纸的现状;进而探讨在多样化时期,越南华文报纸与华文教育、华人社团的互动关系,越南华文报纸如何面对新媒体时代的挑战等问题。在对每个问题进行论述的同时,本人还对越南华文报纸存在与发展进行较为深入的分析,并提出一些思考性建议。希望本论文对越南目前唯一一家以方块字为传媒的纸印报纸能持续向前发展有一定的借鉴意义。越南华文报纸是本人博士毕业论文研究的题目,同时也是紧紧围绕本论文整体内容的关键词。由于越南华文报纸属于族群性媒体,因此相当多的越南华人对华文报纸所报道的新闻的信任度比越南当地主流媒体报道的要高,尤其是现居住在越南的第一代华人。很显然,华文报纸在越南华人族群中拥有很大的市场。
[Abstract]:Most of the Vietnamese live in the south of Vietnam, and most of the southern Chinese live in Saigon and the embankment (West Dike, later officially known as Saigon). Vietnamese Chinese newspapers focus on the embankment (later known as the Saigon dyke area)! Vietnamese Chinese newspaper industry has a long history, from the beginning of the 20 th century to now, nearly 100 years of development. The first Vietnamese Chinese newspaper, and the first Chinese newspaper throughout the Indochina Peninsula, was founded in 1918 in Saigon Dian District, Vietnam. (Vietnamese is: NHAT BAO NAM KY). In the sixties and seventies of the last century, in view of the large number and high standard of Chinese newspapers, Vietnamese Chinese newspapers were once the region of Southeast Asia, second only to China's Hong Kong and Taiwan in Asia. Until 1975, after the liberation of the South and the reunification of the whole Vietnamese nation, all Chinese-language newspapers published in Vietnam, whether the Daily or the Evening News, were suspended, and more than a dozen Chinese newspapers from the south to the north were forced to close down and shut down. Only the Chinese underground newspaper, the Jiefangbao, is left in the embankment area of Saigon (: BAO GIAI PHONG TIENG HOA).) The newspaper used to be the Chinese underground newspaper before the liberation of the South. (the Vietnamese language is: BAO CONG NHAN TIENG HOA), and is now Vietnam's only printed paper newspaper with square characters as its medium. From 1918 to 1975, Vietnamese Chinese newspapers experienced 57 years of wind and rain, experienced countless storms, numerous ups and downs, numerous obstacles! Why did the Vietnamese Chinese newspaper industry, once known as Southeast Asia, finally enter history? How did the Vietnamese Chinese newspaper industry change from purely commercial operation and freedom of speech to a speech organ of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the government and the people? From the first chapter of the thesis, I will summarize the birth of Chinese newspaper in Vietnam and its 57 years of hard course of entrepreneurship, there are early, medium and recent, each period has each period of hardship and hardship. In these 57 years, although has also developed, is also growing, but always inseparable from the struggle to survive the challenge. It can be seen that the existence of Vietnamese Chinese newspapers is full of variables, dangerous, extremely harsh! Next, I will explain the changes of the Vietnamese Chinese newspaper industry from prosperity to decline after the unification of Vietnam in 1975, the control of Chinese newspapers by the Vietnamese government and the present situation of Vietnamese Chinese newspapers; In the period of diversification, the relationship between Vietnamese Chinese newspapers and Chinese education, the interaction of Chinese associations, and how Vietnamese Chinese newspapers meet the challenges of the new media era are discussed. At the same time, I make a deep analysis of the existence and development of Vietnamese Chinese newspapers, and put forward some thinking suggestions. It is hoped that this paper can be used for reference in the development of the only print newspaper in Vietnam. Vietnamese Chinese newspaper is the subject of my Ph. D. thesis and the key word around the whole thesis. As Vietnamese Chinese newspapers belong to ethnic media, quite a number of Vietnamese Chinese have a higher degree of trust in the news reported by the Chinese newspapers than the mainstream Vietnamese media, especially the first generation of Chinese who now live in Vietnam. It is clear that Chinese newspapers have a large market among Vietnamese ethnic Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G219.333

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