临近空间车载测风激光雷达系统设计研制与风场观测

发布时间：2019-04-02 18:23

【摘要】：目前,临近空间是了解较少的大气层区域,缺乏大气探测数据,包括风场、温度、密度和压力。其中,大气风场数据是深入研究大气动力学和环境预警的最主要参数之一。在目前的全球或区域大气环境观测系统中,由于风场观测的覆盖范围的局限,已经限制了空间大气的深入研究。而测风激光雷达是目前唯一能够实现对全球范围三维风场进行高精度、高时空分辨率探测的工具,而基于Fabry-Perot标准具的双边缘技术是迄今比较成熟和有效的直接多普勒探测方法,它能够实现从地面到中间层范围的风场探测。分析讨论了临近空间测风激光雷达系统设计与研制的关键技术,给出了发射机子系统设计方案,提出了激光器频率漂移解决方案：对接收机子系统光路进行设计,给出了参数优化方案：给出了收发光学子系统设计方案,对接收机子系统研制过程中遇到的技术难题进行了分析讨论,研制了大口径FP标准具,设计FP标准具的调谐控制软件反馈回路及反馈电路,对锁定通道脉冲光展宽光路进行了改进,用积分球代替超长光纤对脉冲光进行展宽,减小了光损耗,提高了锁定通道探测信噪比,光强分布更加均匀。最终研制了精度高,稳定性好的接收机子系统。设计研制了Fabry-Perot标准具透过率曲线的校准系统,开展了标准具透过率曲线校准实验,校准后的标准具透过率曲线参数和设计值一致,而且非常稳定,提出了激光频谱实验测量及反演方法,设计并搭建了试验装置,并开展实验对激光频谱进行了测量,提出了瑞利一布里渊频谱实验测量及反演方法,设计了试验装置；分析讨论了测风激光雷达的大气风场长序列连续探测资料,得到了新疆地区高对流层和低平流层大气风场垂直分布特征,得到了酒泉地区临近空间大气风场垂直分布特征,给出了临近空间测风激光雷达观测重力波的示例,得到了酒泉地区重力波的特征参量。
[Abstract]:At present, adjacent space is less aware of atmospheric areas and lacks atmospheric sounding data, including wind fields, temperature, density and pressure. Among them, the atmospheric wind data is one of the most important parameters for the in-depth study of atmospheric dynamics and environmental early warning. In the present global or regional atmospheric environment observation system, the in-depth study of the space atmosphere has been limited due to the limitation of the coverage of wind field observation. At present, wind-measuring lidar is the only tool that can detect the three-dimensional wind field in the world with high precision and high spatial-temporal resolution. The two-sided edge technique based on Fabry-Perot is a mature and effective direct Doppler detection method, which can detect the wind field from the ground to the middle layer. This paper analyzes and discusses the key technologies of the design and development of the near-space wind-measuring lidar system, presents the design scheme of the transmitter subsystem, and puts forward the solution of laser frequency drift: the optical path of the receiver subsystem is designed, and the optical path of the receiver subsystem is designed. The parameter optimization scheme is given. The design scheme of the transceiver optical subsystem is given. The technical difficulties encountered in the development of the receiver subsystem are analyzed and discussed, and the large caliber FP standard tool is developed. The feedback loop and feedback circuit of tuning control software of FP are designed, and the pulse optical spreading path of locked channel is improved. The optical loss is reduced by using integral sphere instead of extra-long fiber to widen the pulse light. The detection signal-to-noise ratio of the locked channel is improved and the intensity distribution is more uniform. Finally, a receiver subsystem with high precision and good stability is developed. The calibration system of the Fabry-Perot standard transmittance curve is designed and developed. The calibration experiment of the standard transmittance curve is carried out. The parameters of the standard transmittance curve after calibration are consistent with the designed value, and the calibration system is very stable. The experimental measurement and inversion method of laser spectrum is put forward, the experimental equipment is designed and built, the laser spectrum is measured by experiment, the experimental measurement and inversion method of Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum is put forward, and the experimental equipment is designed. In this paper, the long series data of wind field continuous detection by wind lidar are analyzed and discussed. The vertical distribution characteristics of wind field in high troposphere and low stratosphere in Xinjiang are obtained, and the vertical distribution characteristics of wind field in adjacent space in Jiuquan area are obtained. An example of near-space wind-measuring lidar observation of gravity waves is given, and the characteristic parameters of gravity waves in Jiuquan area are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN958.98

【相似文献】