列宁文化建设思想研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 10:19

本文关键词：列宁文化建设思想研究　出处：《中南大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：列宁一生最突出的贡献,在理论上继承、捍卫和发展了马克思主义,形成了俄国的马克思主义——列宁主义；在实践上把社会主义由空想变成现实,成功地在俄国建立了世界上第一个社会主义国家,由此开辟了人类历史的新纪元。列宁指出：“没有丰富的知识、技术和文化,就不能建成共产主义。”研究列宁文化建设思想不仅是系统准确地掌握马克思主义的重要内容,也是建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家的必然要求。列宁在创建和领导社会主义国家的实践过程中,逐渐形成了关于文化建设的科学思想。列宁文化建设思想的本质特征主要表现为以辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为科学指导、坚持马克思主义文化学说的基本原理；思想建构的主旨在于满足俄国广大人民群众的文化需求、为建设社会主义文明服务,建成社会主义和实现共产主义。列宁文化建设思想是列宁在全面考察俄国的历史国情和国内外形势后,把马克思主义的文化学说与俄国的具体实际相结合的基础上逐渐形成和发展起来的,是列宁关于建设社会主义理论的重要组成部分。它有着极其丰富的理论渊源,是在直接汲取马克思恩格斯文化学说的理论基础上,合理借鉴和吸收其他理论家(如车尔尼雪夫斯基、普列汉诺夫)相关思想及俄国优秀的传统思想文化。列宁文化建设思想经历了一个长期的形成和发展过程。早在19世纪末,列宁在对自由主义民粹派思想的挑战与回应中,捍卫和发展马克思主义理论,开启了关于俄国文化发展的理论探索之路。十月革命后,列宁从俄国的实际出发,就怎样在社会主义过渡的过程中,建成和发展社会主义文化提出了一系列的方针策略和原则措施。在新经济政策时期,列宁指出随着政治革命和政治变革的任务结束,文化建设的任务应成为俄国社会主义建设的重要内容,“提高文化水平是最迫切的任务之一,”列宁关于建设社会主义文化的思想从确立形成阶段已逐步成熟。俄国是多民族的传统农业大国,列宁基于俄国的特殊国情的考虑,其文化建设思想包含了文化诸多层面的事业建设,主要是思想政治建设、教育事业建设、文化事业建设、社会道德建设、科学技术建设、民族文化建设和农村文化建设等,七者相互联系,共同组成文化建设的规划蓝图。列宁文化建设思想是列宁对苏维埃俄国的文化领域和文化发展问题的理论把握和战略思索。探究理论的基本目的在于考察列宁文化建设思想对中国实践的现代启示和重要意义。2012年11月,党的十八大将中国特色社会主义建设的总体布局定为经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态建设五位一体,并提出“建设社会主义文化强国”战略思想。加强理想信念教育建设,是建设社会主义先进文化的首要环节,是实现中国特色社会主义事业的根本目标——人的全面发展的基本途径,也是思想政治建设的最基本内容。以列宁文化建设思想为科学依据,清除“虚化”、“淡化”的理想信念,树立正确的理想信念,才能巩固和建设意识形态的主流阵地,才能切实抓好社会主义精神文明建设。农村文化建设是列宁文化建设思想的基本问题。中国是人口众多的农业大国,中国特色社会主义的文化建设、更好地解决“三农问题”,同样离不开农村文化发展的重要课题。农村文化建设是当前和以后解决“三农问题”和推进文化建设的难点和突破点。只有巩固与发展农村文化阵地,社会主义新农村建设和社会主义文明建设的目标才能指日可待。列宁指出,继承良好的阅读文化传统,创建先进的阅读设施和舒适的阅读环境,不断推进社会文化活动工程,是建设社会主义文化的重要实现形式和具体举措,对提高社会文化水平和国民整体素质有着不可或缺的意义。积极开展广泛多样的社会文化活动工程和国民阅读活动,加强图书馆和阅览室建设,亦是当前我国文化建设中一项必需承载的任务。
[Abstract]:Lenin's most prominent contribution in theory, inheritance, protection and development of the Marx doctrine, the Marx doctrine -- Russia formed the Lenin doctrine; the socialism from fantasy into reality in practice, successfully in Russia established the first socialist country in the world, thus opening up a new era in human history. Lenin pointed out "not a wealth of knowledge, technology and culture, it would be impossible to build communism." thought of Lenin's cultural construction is not only an important part of the system to accurately grasp the Marx doctrine, is also building a prosperous, democratic and civilized and harmonious modern socialist country of the inevitable requirement. Lenin in the practice process of creating and leading socialist countries, gradually formed on the cultural construction of scientific thought. The essential feature of Lenin's thought of cultural construction is mainly based on dialectical materialism and historical only Materialism guided scientific guidance, adhering to the basic principles of Marx's cultural theory. The main idea of ideological construction is to meet the cultural needs of the Russian masses, serve for the construction of socialist civilization, build socialism and realize communism.
Lenin Lenin's thought of cultural construction is the comprehensive study of Russian history and national conditions in domestic and international situation, the actual basis of Marx's culture theory and the combination of Russia gradually formed and developed, Lenin is an important part of the construction of socialist theory. It has theoretical origin is extremely rich. In the direct draw theoretical foundation of Marx Engels culture theory, draw lessons from other theorists (such as chemychevsky, Plekhanov) and the Russian thought outstanding traditional culture.
Lenin's thought of cultural construction has experienced a long process of formation and development. As early as the end of nineteenth Century, Lenin in the challenge and response to liberal populist ideas, defending and developing Marx theory, opened a theoretical exploration on the Russian cultural development of the road. After the October revolution, Lenin from the reality. How in the socialist transition in the process of construction and development of socialist culture put forward policies and strategies and principles of a series of measures. In the period of new economic policy, Lenin pointed out that with the political revolution and political change in the end of the mission, the task of cultural construction should become an important part of the socialist construction in Russia, "to improve the cultural level is one of the most urgent the task of Lenin on the construction of socialist culture and ideology from the establishment of the formation stage has gradually matured.
Russia is a multi-ethnic traditional agricultural country, Lenin special situation of Russia based on the consideration of the cultural construction thought contains many aspects of cultural construction, the main ideological and political construction, education, cultural construction, social morality construction, the construction of science and technology, cultural construction and cultural construction in rural areas, seven the interaction, together constitute the blueprint of cultural construction. Lenin's thought of cultural construction is thinking of Lenin on Soviet Russia in the field of culture and cultural development theory and strategy.
Objective to explore the basic theory is to study Lenin's thought of culture construction of Modern Enlightenment to Chinese practice and significance of.2012 in November, the overall layout of the party's eighteen general characteristics of socialist construction China for economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction, ecological construction of five parts, and puts forward the strategic thought of "the construction of socialist culture power". To strengthen the construction of educational ideals and beliefs, is the most important aspect of the construction of socialist advanced culture, is the way to realize the goal of all-round development of China characteristic socialism -- the base, the basic content and the ideological and political construction. In Lenin's thought of culture construction as the basis, to remove the "false", "desalination" and establish the correct ideals and beliefs, in order to consolidate the mainstream position and construction of ideology, to strengthen the socialist spiritual civilization The construction of rural culture construction is a basic problem. Lenin's thought of cultural construction. China is a populous agricultural country, the construction of socialist culture Chinese, better solve the "three rural issues", an important subject also cannot do without the development of rural culture. The rural culture construction is the current and future to solve the "three rural issues" and promote culture the construction of the difficulties and breakthrough point. Only the consolidation and development of rural culture, building a new socialist countryside and socialist civilization construction in order to point the day and await for it. Lenin pointed out that the inheritance of good reading and cultural traditions, create advanced reading facilities and comfortable reading environment, promote social and cultural activities, is an important form and specific measures the construction of socialist culture, has great significance to improve the overall quality level and the national social culture actively carry out wide. A wide variety of social and cultural activities, engineering and national reading activities, and strengthening the construction of libraries and reading rooms are also a necessary task in the current cultural construction in China.

【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A821;D64

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