我国榜样教育发展研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 09:29

本文关键词： 榜样榜样教育道德教育人本主义　出处：《西北师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：约翰·洛克在《教育漫话》中说：“没有什么事情能像榜样这么能够温和而又深刻地打进人们的心里”。榜样的巨大影响力，使得由榜样而生的一种教育实践活动——榜样教育，成为各个国家进行公民教育、道德教育或思想政治教育的主要方法和途径。作为一种有效的教育实践活动，榜样教育与人类社会发展相伴而生，它在人类社会文明发展进程中为提升个体道德水平、营造和谐良好的社会氛围发挥了有效作用。榜样教育在我国的发展，因受到国家五千年悠久文化历史底蕴的影响，更加具备了其他国家无法比拟的深厚传统民族文化根基和深远的理论渊源。从古至今，在中国的历史上，不论是圣人贤哲，还是仁人志士、英雄模范，都在某一时期发挥了巨大作用。但是，随着改革开放不断深入和市场经济体制不断发展，人们的思维方式、行为方式和价值理念等呈现多元化的趋势，人们对榜样的认同度急剧下滑。尤其在青少年眼里，模范早已被偶像、明星所替代，特别是近两年类似于“药家鑫”事件、“李刚”事件、留学生上海机场刺母事件以及近日网上报道的90后殴打老人等等事情的发生，更加反映出我国榜样教育高投入与低产出的矛盾，我国榜样教育已被边缘化，进入到冰封期。目前，我国正处于改革开放与社会转型攻坚克难的关键时期，需要一种中国精神指引并激励我们在发展道路上迎接各种机遇与挑战，而榜样教育正是中国精神长存的保障。什么是榜样教育，如何开展榜样教育，如何将榜样教育与社会经济发展现状和国家实际相结合并进行创新，成为目前亟待我们研究解决的问题。对这些问题的研究，无疑对我国社会主义核心价值体系的建立、对爱国主义和民族精神等道德品质的培养具有重要的理论借鉴和现实意义。本文从四个部分对该问题进行了研究。第一章在对榜样的含义、特征、类型系统分析的基础上，对榜样教育的含义、特征、类型也做了深入分析，并从多角度出发阐释榜样教育的理论基础。第二章对我国榜样教育的形成发展历程进行了梳理。第三章从不同时代背景下榜样教育的发展情况出发，分析并总结榜样教育不同时期的经验和教训，针对榜样教育存在的现实问题进行深刻分析并得出原因所在。第四章对如何解决榜样教育的问题、创新榜样教育途径，，进行了科学合理且具有针对性的理论和实践探讨。
[Abstract]:John Locke said in Education, "there's nothing like a role model that can gently and deeply penetrate people's hearts." the influence of role models is enormous. The example education, which is a kind of educational practice activity born from the example, has become the main method and way of civic education, moral education or ideological and political education in every country. It is an effective educational practice activity. Example education comes into being with the development of human society. It plays an effective role in promoting individual moral level and creating harmonious and good social atmosphere in the process of human social civilization development. Because of the influence of five thousand years of national culture and history, it has more profound traditional cultural foundation and profound theoretical origin than other countries. From ancient to present, in the history of China. Both sage and sage, people with lofty ideals, heroes and models all played a great role in a certain period. However, with the deepening of reform and opening up and the continuous development of the market economic system, people's thinking mode. Behavior patterns and value concepts show a diversified trend, people's acceptance of role models decline sharply. Especially in the eyes of young people, role models have long been replaced by idols and stars. Especially in the past two years similar to the "Yao Jiaxin" incident, "Li Gang" incident, overseas students in Shanghai airport stabbing incident and recently reported on the Internet after 90 years of beating the elderly and so on. It also reflects the contradiction between high input and low output of example education in our country. At present, our country is in the key period of reform and opening up and social transformation, need a kind of Chinese spirit guide and encourage us to meet all kinds of opportunities and challenges on the road of development. What is the role model education, how to develop the example education, how to combine the example education with the current situation of social and economic development and the national reality, and how to innovate. At present, it is urgent for us to study and solve the problems. The study of these problems will undoubtedly establish the core value system of socialism in our country. It has important theoretical and practical significance for the cultivation of moral qualities such as patriotism and national spirit. This paper studies this problem from four parts. In the first chapter, on the basis of the systematic analysis of the meaning, characteristics and types of role models, the meaning, characteristics and types of example education are analyzed in depth, and the theoretical basis of example education is explained from various angles. The second chapter combs the formation and development course of the example education in our country. The third chapter analyzes and summarizes the experience and lessons of the model education in different periods from the perspective of the development of the role model education in different times. This paper makes a deep analysis of the practical problems existing in the example education and draws the reasons. Chapter 4th discusses how to solve the problem of example education and how to innovate the way of example education.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D64

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