公民身份意识及其培育研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 13:37

本文选题：公民身份意识 + 身份意识结构　；参考：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着市场经济的发展,改革开放的深入推进,我国公民的主体意识日益增强,因此,培育公民身份意识具有重要的理论和现实意义。公民身份意识是在公民身份理论研究基础之上产生和发展起来的,是指公民对于公民身份理论的认识和把握,以及把公民身份所强调的各种权利和义务内化为公民自身的行为准则,成为自身思想当中稳定的自觉行为,并在处理日常生活中的事务以及公民处理自身与国家、社会、自然和其他公民之间的关系都有自己理性的认识,不受外界干扰的一种稳定的价直观。我们处于一个机遇与挑战并存的新时期,面对当前我国出现的人与自然、社会关系的深刻变化,人们对权利和责任的诉求日益增加,都给人们提出了新的研究课题,而新时期对公民身份研究是时代发展的需要。公民身份是一个发展的概念,古希腊城邦时期,亚里士多德是该时期研究公民身份的代表人物,拥有公民身份是贵族身份的象征,公民身份的拥有者数量极少；罗马共和国时期,公民身份的获得权限相对扩大；中世纪和文艺复兴时期,亚里士多德公民身份思想得以复兴,该时期男性拥有公民身份的数量多于女性,男女地位的明显不平等性；在当今西方国家,洛克和霍布斯对公民身份进行了研究,都认为公民身份应掌握在少数精英手中。厘清公民身份的历史演进,对公民身份的理论传统进行梳理,公民身份理论传统包括共和主义公民身份和自由主义公民身份两大传统,共和主义公民身份强调共同体的作用,强化公民公共意识,导致对个人利益的漠视马基雅维利和西塞罗关于公民身份的研究,对该时期产生重要影响；自由主义公民身份理论传统的代表人物是洛克和马歇尔、罗尔斯,认为国家应保护公民的生命、财产、安全等权利,公民个人利益优先原则。明白公民身份的理论传统,进而得出公民身份概念,即公民身份是以公民为主体对公民与其所在国家相互之间的权利义务关系,公民对国家的认同和自豪感,公民对事关自身利益问题的有效密切关注,并作为主体参与其中的一种身份。在结合我国特有的语境下,得出我国公民身份的内涵,即在我国社会主义市场经济条件下,建立在我图文化传统上的公民身份,大家在法律而前平等的适用法律,没有职业、年龄、地位差别,共同拥有一个身份,这就是公民身份。拥有公民身份,享有公民权利和义务,如何内化为公民自身的意识,这就需要加强对公民身份意识的深入研究。目前,学术界对公民身份意识的研究有不少,但是尚未达成统一的认识,为了更清晰的认识公民身份意识,把公民身份意识与公民权利意识和公民责任意识进行比较区分,深化大家对公民身份意识的认识。在比较中得出公民身份意识的五大结构,即公民政治身份意识、公民经济身份意识、公民文化身份意识、公民社会身份意识和公民生态身份意识,即指公民在政治、经济、文化、社会和生态领域内所享有的权利和义务,所承担的责任,以及所扮演的角色。在经济领域内就是拥有市场经济意识和质量意识,在政治领域内是要有大局意识和政治参与意识,在文化领域内是有文化认同意识、文化自觉意识、文化自信意识和文化创新意识,在社会领域内包括社会权利意识和社会公平意识,在生态领域内要有生态价值意识和生态文明意识。在详细阐释公民身份意识结构的基础上,总结出公民身份意识国家性、民族性和参与性三个方面的特征。公民身份意识的国家性是指以国家的建立为前提,享有国家赋予的各种权利和义务。公民身份意识的民族性是指由拥有共同语言的公民组成,生活在共同的法律之下,形成一个整体的、密不可分的一体化国家。公民身份意识的参与性是指每个公民有融入国家共同体下的意愿,在国家共同体中实现自己的价值。公民身份意识具有重要的理论和实践意义,有利于我国民主政治建设,有利于我国市场经济的发展,有利于我国优秀传统文化的传承,有利于我国和谐社会的构建,有利于我国生态文明建设。大到对国家、小到对我们每位公民而言,公民身份意识具有重要的意义,那么,培育公民身份意识就具有很强的现实意义。针对公民身份意识结构的五个方面,分别提出可行性的措施。在政治领域,传播现代政治意识,定位公民的政治角色,构筑有序的政治参与渠道,激发公民的政治参与热情；在经济领域,要为公民经济意识提高创造良好的环境,更新观念,提高公民的质量保障意识；在文化领域,通过学校教育培育公民的文化认同感,提高公民的科学文化素质；在社会领域,大力发展社会主义市场经济,保障公民利益,矫正公民消极的社会心理；在生态领域,用和谐社会主义的理念来提升来提升公民的生态身份意识,大力开展生态教育,培育公民的生态责任感。
[Abstract]:With the development of market economy and the deepening of reform and opening - up , the consciousness of citizenship is becoming more and more important . As a result , the consciousness of citizenship has important theoretical and practical significance .

We are in a new period of opportunity and challenge . In the face of the profound changes of human and nature and social relations in our country , the demand of rights and responsibilities is increasing . People ' s identity is a development concept . In ancient Greece , Aristotle is the representative figure who studies citizenship in the period .
During the period of the Roman Republic , the right to acquire citizenship is relatively expanded ;
During the Middle Ages and the Renaissance , the idea of citizenship of Aristotle was revived , and the number of male citizens in the period was more than that of women and men and women .
in today ' s Western country , Locke and Hobbes study citizenship , and believe that citizenship should be held in that hands of a few elite .

To clarify the historical evolution of citizenship , comb the theoretical tradition of citizenship , the traditional theory of citizenship includes the two traditions of republican citizenship and liberal citizenship , the role of republican citizenship emphasizes the role of the community , strengthens the public awareness of citizens , leads to the disregard of the individual interests and the study on citizenship , which has an important influence on the period ;
The traditional representative figure of liberal citizenship theory is Locke and Marshall , Rawls , think that the state should protect citizens ' rights such as life , property , security and so on , and citizens ' individual interest priority principle .

In the context of our country ' s socialism market economy , we get the connotation of citizenship of our country .

In the field of economy , there are five structures of citizen ' s identity consciousness , namely citizen ' s political status , citizen ' s identity , citizen ' s cultural identity , citizen ' s social identity and citizen ' s sense of consciousness .

On the basis of the detailed explanation of the structure of citizenship consciousness , the author summarizes the characteristics of state , nationality and participation of citizenship consciousness . The nationality of citizenship refers to the rights and obligations granted by the State on the premise of the establishment of the State . The nationality of citizenship refers to the formation of a whole and inseparable integration country under the common law . The participation of the consciousness of citizenship refers to the willingness of every citizen to integrate into the national community and realize its own value in the national community .

Citizen ' s identity consciousness has important theoretical and practical significance , it is beneficial to the development of our country ' s democratic political construction , is beneficial to the development of our country ' s excellent traditional culture , is beneficial to the construction of our country ' s excellent traditional culture , is beneficial to the construction of our country ' s ecological civilization .
In the economic field , to create a good environment for the citizen ' s economic consciousness , renew the concept , and improve the citizen ' s awareness of quality guarantee ;
In the field of culture , the cultural identity of citizens is fostered through school education , and the scientific and cultural quality of citizens is improved ;
In the social field , vigorously develop the socialist market economy , safeguard the interests of the citizens and correct the negative social psychology of citizens ;
In the field of ecology , the idea of harmonious socialism is used to promote the ecological identity consciousness of the citizens , and the ecological education should be vigorously carried out , and the ecological sense of responsibility of the citizens is fostered .
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D64

【参考文献】