榜样教育模式在爱国主义教育中的效用研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 13:21

本文选题：榜样教育 + 爱国主义教育　；参考：《鲁东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：爱国主义教育是团结全国各族人民的有力保障,是社会主义现代化事业的智力支撑。在进行爱国主义教育的众多实施方法中,榜样教育一直是较传统且行之有效的模式。在榜样教育的的长期运用过程中,通过多种方式为民众树立典型,不断传递正能量,树立了良好社会风尚,增强了民族自豪感和自信心,对爱国主义教育产生了巨大的促进作用。同时爱国主义又是榜样教育的重要内容,二者是相互促进,相辅相成。通过梳理我国各个时期独具民族特色的爱国主义教育传统看出,榜样示范始终担当着传递社会价值观念、维护社会稳定的重要角色,并且发挥了卓有成效的推动作用。但随着改革开放深入发展,我国国际和国内的社会现状的发生了深刻的变化,民众的价值观念越来越多元化,虽然榜样教育模式在激发了广大群众的爱国情感,振奋民族精神、增强民族凝聚力方面产生了一定影响,但效力有所弱化。受社会环境、教育方式和教育主体变化等多种因素的影响,榜样教育模式面临着目标形式化、内容形式化、方法工具化、教育资源整合不利的困境。社会上出现了学典型形式化、对榜样态度冷漠,甚至恶搞、丑化榜样等现象。由此可见,更新爱国主义教育理念,优化榜样教育模式就势在必行。针对榜样教育在运用中存在的不足和与实际不相适应的地方,需要从教育目标、教育内容、教育方法和教育途径四个方面入手,提升增强榜样示范在爱国教育中的实效性。首先,明确教育目标,更新爱国理念。倡导社会主义核心价值观,树立理性包容的教育理念。同时坚持知情意行统一的目标,促进立言立行。其次,丰富教育内容,激发爱国情感。将历史人物与现实需要结合,树典型与生活化结合,不断吸收借鉴外国先进教育优势。再次,优化教育方法,避免单一化。通过显性教育与隐性教育相互渗透、传统方法与现代技术相结合、榜样管理与自我教育相结合、爱国认知与行为实践相结合,各种方法彼此相互补充,扬长避短。最后,拓宽教育途径,强化教育效果。社会、学校、家庭三种教育资源形成合力,确保受教育者在学校学习的认知能在家庭中得以巩固,并适应社会变化。因此,榜样教育模式必须不断创新,遵循受教育者主体发展需要,形成科学合理的教育模式,才能强化和提高它对爱国主义教育的实效性,帮助民众真正实现爱国之情、报国之志和效国之行的统一。
[Abstract]:Patriotism education is the strong guarantee of uniting the people of all ethnic groups and the intellectual support of socialist modernization. Among the many methods of patriotism education, example education has been a more traditional and effective model. In the long application of the role model education, through various ways to set up a typical for the people, constantly transfer positive energy, set up a good social style, enhance national pride and self-confidence, It has played a great role in promoting patriotism education. At the same time patriotism is an important part of example education, the two promote each other and complement each other. Through combing the patriotic educational tradition with unique national characteristics in each period of our country, we can see that the role of example demonstration has always played an important role in transmitting social values and maintaining social stability, and has played an effective role in promoting it. However, with the in-depth development of reform and opening up, profound changes have taken place in China's international and domestic social situation, and the values of the people are becoming more and more diversified, although the model of example education has inspired the patriotic feelings of the broad masses and inspired the national spirit. The enhancement of national cohesion has had a certain impact, but its effectiveness has been weakened. Influenced by many factors such as social environment, educational method and educational subject, the model of example education is faced with the dilemma of formalization of goal, formalization of content, tool of method and unfavorable integration of educational resources. In the society, there are typical formalization of learning, apathy towards role models, even parody, and vilification of role models. Thus, it is imperative to renew the concept of patriotism education and optimize the model of education. In order to improve the effectiveness of example demonstration in patriotic education, it is necessary to improve the effectiveness of example demonstration in patriotic education from four aspects: educational goal, educational content, educational method and educational approach. In view of the deficiency in the application of role model education and its incompatibility with reality, it is necessary to improve the effectiveness of example demonstration in patriotic education. First of all, make clear the educational goal, renew the patriotic idea. We should advocate socialist core values and establish rational and inclusive educational concepts. At the same time, adhere to the goal of unity of knowledge, love and intention, and promote the establishment of words and deeds. Second, enrich the content of education, stimulate patriotic feelings. Combining historical figures with the needs of reality, combining tree model with life, absorbing and learning from foreign advanced educational advantages. Third, optimize the educational methods and avoid the simplification. Through the mutual penetration of explicit education and recessive education, the combination of traditional methods and modern technology, the combination of example management and self-education, the combination of patriotic cognition and practice of behavior, various methods complement each other and take advantage of their advantages and avoid weaknesses. Finally, widen the educational way, strengthen the educational effect. Three kinds of educational resources, society, school and family, form a joint force to ensure that the educatee's cognition of learning in school can be consolidated in the family and adapt to social changes. Therefore, the model of example education must be innovated constantly, follow the needs of the subject of education, and form a scientific and reasonable educational model, in order to strengthen and improve the effectiveness of its education in patriotism, and help the people to realize their patriotic feelings. The unity of the desire to serve the country and the visit to emulate the country.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D647

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