政治思想灌输论及其实现规律和时代意义研究

发布时间：2018-09-09 13:44

【摘要】：思想政治教育学关于灌输论争论的直接原因是它的两个来源学科——马克思主义理论和教育学——对灌输内涵的不同理解。在思想政治教育学的直接来源马克思主义灌输论中，灌输的原意是“带来、引导、充实”等，是指科学社会主义思想与工人阶级“结合”。在思想政治教育学的借鉴学科教育学中，灌输是与教育对立的概念，主要指用强制方法传授固定教条并造成盲信这种灌输式教育方式。所以，从内涵上看，马克思主义灌输论中的“灌输”根本不同于教育学中的“灌输”。思想政治教育学关于灌输论争论的根源在于，随着政治教育扩展为包括道德教育在内的思想政治教育，作为政治教育理论基础的马克思主义灌输论和道德教育所批判的灌输式教育所指称的外延都扩展到了思想政治教育，这样，由于从业人员、思维方法和实践做法各方面的原因，这两个“灌输”被混同起来，争论者常用自己对灌输的一种理解批判他人的另一种理解。所以，解决灌输论的争论也需要界定它指称的外延是政治思想，灌输论是政治思想工作的理论基础，而不能是思想政治教育的理论基础。政治思想灌输论是马克思主义社会意识与意识形态原理的必然结论，是马克思主义科学理论体系的重要组成部分，是工人阶级政党坚持政治思想工作自觉性反对自发论的理论基础。当前，加强党的思想建设和保持党的先进性需要坚持灌输论，实现党的思想领导和促进马克思主义大众化需要坚持灌输论，促进社会主义精神文明和文化建设从而促进中国特色社会主义事业发展需要坚持灌输论。坚持灌输论需要发展灌输论，首先要创新发展多种政治思想灌输方式，探索综合发挥多种方式作用的方法。其次要借鉴传播学、接受论和心理学等学科理论，深化研究政治思想传播中的个人接受心理。再次要积极回应时代发展新特点对政治思想灌输各方面的挑战，促进政治思想灌输论适应时代发展的变化。政治思想灌输的任务是把国家的政治思想灌输给个人，根本矛盾是社会政治思想要求与个人政治思想状况之间的矛盾，完成这个任务解决这个矛盾也要“按规律办事”，政治思想灌输规律就是政治思想灌输工作中各要素、各阶段之间内在的、本质的、必然的联系。对政治思想灌输客观规律的认识形成政治思想灌输的世界观规律，，包括政治思想灌输的依据规律和本质规律。应用政治思想灌输的世界观规律指导政治思想灌输工作产生了政治思想灌输的方法论规律，包括政治思想灌输的系统规律和过程规律。社会主义市场经济的发展、中国特色公民社会的萌生、多元思潮思想格局的形成、网络传媒信息传播的扩展深刻地影响了政治思想灌输的内容、主体、环体和载体等系统要素，这些影响既有有利于政治思想灌输的积极的一面，又有不利于政治思想灌输的消极的一面，因此，政治思想灌输应采取针对性措施，利用它们的积极影响，限制它们的消极影响，从而不断增强政治思想灌输的效果，促进政治思想灌输论适应时代发展。
[Abstract]:The direct reason for the controversy over the Indoctrination Theory in Ideological and political education is the different understanding of the connotation of indoctrination between the two disciplines of its origin-Marxism theory and pedagogy. In the pedagogy of reference subject of Ideological and political education, indoctrination is the opposite of education, which mainly refers to the indoctrination of fixed dogma by compulsory means and leads to blind faith. Therefore, from the connotation, the "indoctrination" in Marxist Indoctrination Theory is fundamentally different from that in pedagogy. "Indoctrination".
The origin of the controversy about Indoctrination Theory in Ideological and political education lies in that with the expansion of political education into Ideological and political education including moral education, the extension of the alleged extension of Marxist Indoctrination Theory as the theoretical basis of political education and the indoctrination education criticized by moral education has been extended to ideological and political education. The two "indoctrination" are confused for various reasons, such as practitioners, ways of thinking and practices. Debaters often use one of their own understandings of indoctrination to criticize another. Therefore, to settle the argument of indoctrination, we need to define its denotation as political thought, indoctrination as the theoretical basis of political and ideological work, and indoctrination is the theoretical basis of political and ideological work. It can not be the theoretical basis of Ideological and political education.
The theory of indoctrination of political thought is an inevitable conclusion of Marxist social consciousness and ideological principle, an important part of Marxist scientific theoretical system, and a theoretical basis for the working class party to adhere to the consciousness of political and ideological work and oppose spontaneity. Instillation theory, the realization of the Party's ideological leadership and the promotion of the popularization of Marxism require persistence in indoctrination theory, the promotion of socialist spiritual civilization and cultural construction so as to promote the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Secondly, we should draw lessons from the theories of communication, acceptance theory and psychology to deepen the study of individual acceptance psychology in the dissemination of political thoughts.
The task of inculcating political thoughts is to inculcate the political thoughts of the state into individuals. The fundamental contradiction is the contradiction between the requirements of social political thoughts and the political and ideological conditions of individuals. To accomplish this task, it is necessary to "act according to the law". The law of inculcating political thoughts is the essential factor in the work of inculcating political thoughts, between different stages. The understanding of the objective laws of political thought inculcation forms the world outlook laws of political thought inculcation, including the basis and essential laws of political thought inculcation. It includes the system rules and process rules instilled by political thought.
The development of the socialist market economy, the emergence of a civil society with Chinese characteristics, the formation of a pluralistic ideological pattern, and the expansion of information dissemination in the network media have profoundly influenced the systematic elements of political and ideological indoctrination, such as contents, subjects, rings and carriers, which are both positive and unfavorable to political and ideological indoctrination. The negative side of political ideology indoctrination, therefore, should take targeted measures to use their positive impact, limit their negative impact, so as to continuously enhance the effect of political ideology indoctrination, and promote the theory of political ideology indoctrination to adapt to the development of the times.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D64

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