公德与私德关系的历史演进与当代建构
发布时间：2018-10-15 19:49
【摘要】：道德建设是国家主导的系统工程,它通过把伦理转化成道德促进人的发展、维护社会交往的有序运行。道德建设的实际效果和有待加强的着力点都是通过现实生活中人们的道德面貌反映出来的。当前我国社会道德生活中存在着突出的问题,表现为公德严重缺失和公德与私德错位等现象。要有效地改变现状,必须首先从理论上对公德、私德及其关系有较为清晰的认识。本研究遵循马克思主义逻辑与历史相统一的原则,综合运用历史研究、逻辑分析、比较研究等方法,研究在当代道德建设中公德与私德应该是怎样的关系,以及在道德建设中如何建构起公德与私德间的合理关系,以提高道德建设的实效。从这个论题出发,本文通过对伦理与道德、公德与私德、道德建设、公共交往与私人交往等现象的研究和相关概念的限定,逻辑地揭示出:公德与私德两种精神现象既有联系又不相同,在道德建设中应该正确处理二者的关系;当代道德建设应该是把公共交往伦理与私人交往伦理转化为公德与私德的过程。在对道德建设中公德与私德的应然关系进行静态的逻辑揭示的基础上,研究我国不同时期的道德建设中公德与私德的实然关系的历史演进,探究影响公德与私德关系的因素。通过对公德与私德展开静态与动态、逻辑与历史相结合的研究,对于在当代中国道德建设中如何建构起公德与私德的合理关系进行了探索。通过对历史上不同时期道德建设中处理公德与私德的关系的梳理、研究,发现公德与私德的应然关系能否在道德建设实践中得以落实受到很多因素的影响,其中的经验教训值得记取。中国传统社会的道德建设把家庭伦理作为社会伦理的基础,在对待公德与私德的关系上过于偏重家庭道德这种私德,具有私德为主的特色。它是农耕时代家为国本的反映,体现了中国传统文化的内核,其局限性在于强调血缘性、差序性、排他性等,并导致了人们缺乏公德意识、平等意识等问题。近代以来,由于民族危机,使公德中的爱国、救国之德得到重视和弘扬。尤其是新中国1949-1978年间的道德建设把革命伦理作为社会生活伦理的基础,以无产阶级革命道德为核心和第一选择,形成了公德主导的特色。无产阶级革命道德与新中国先进的生产关系和社会制度相一致,使当时的道德建设取得了重大成就。其不足是对私德重视不够,甚至在“左”的思想影响下,要求彻底的无私;而且过于强调最高境界的公德,没能顾及对较低层次的公德培育。改革开放以来的道德建设更加科学、务实,但是,对公德与私德的合理关系尚缺乏足够的自觉。依据公德与私德的内在关系、适应当代社会交往日益分化为公共交往与私人交往的现实以及人的全面而自由发展的需要,结合历史经验教训带来的启示,本研究提出当代道德建设中应该让公德与私德各安其位、依存共生、良性互动。公德与私德各安其位、并进建设要在社会主义核心价值观的引领下进行。我们要通过多方位的道德教育使全社会理解、认同公德与私德及其合理的关系;并且用制度保证公德与私德的并行建设;同时,引导个人从学思结合、知行相资、自讼慎独等方面加强修身,以同步成就公德与私德,促进人的全面而自由的发展和良好的社会道德风尚的形成。
[Abstract]:Moral construction is a country-led system engineering, which promotes the orderly operation of social communication by transforming ethics into morality to promote human development. The actual effect of moral construction and the point of focus to be strengthened are reflected by the people's moral features in real life. At present, there are outstanding problems in the social moral life of our country. In order to change the current situation effectively, it is necessary to have a clearer understanding of the relationship between morality, private morality and its relationship. This study is based on the principle of unity of Marxism logic and history, and studies the relationship between morality and private morality in contemporary moral construction by means of historical research, logic analysis, comparative research and so on. And how to construct reasonable relationship between morality and private morality in moral construction, so as to improve the effect of moral construction. Starting from this topic, this article tries to reveal the relationship between ethics and morality, morality and morality, moral construction, public communication and private communication and related concepts. In moral construction, we should correctly handle the relationship between them. Contemporary moral construction should transform the ethics of public communication and the ethics of private communication into the process of morality and private morality. On the basis of static logic disclosure on the relationship between morality and private morality in moral construction, this paper studies the historical evolution of the relationship between morality and private morality in moral construction in different periods of our country, and explores the factors that influence the relationship between morality and private morality. Through the study of the combination of static and dynamic, logic and history in the contemporary Chinese moral construction, this paper probes into how to construct the reasonable relationship between morality and private morality in contemporary China's moral construction. Through the analysis of the relationship between morality and private morality in moral construction at different times in history, it is found that the relationship between the moral and private morality can be influenced by many factors in the practice of moral construction. The moral construction of Chinese traditional society regards family ethics as the basis of social ethics, which is too much emphasis on family morality in relation to morality and private morality, and has the characteristics of private morality. It is the reflection of the farming time home, which reflects the inner core of Chinese traditional culture, its limitation lies in emphasizing the consanguinity, poor sequence, exclusiveness and so on, and leads to the lack of consciousness of consciousness, equal consciousness and so on. Since modern times, as a result of the national crisis, the nation's patriotic and national salvation has been paid more attention to and carried forward. In particular, the moral construction of new China from 1949 to 1978 regards revolutionary ethics as the basis of social life ethics, with proletarian revolutionary morality as the core and the first choice, thus forming the characteristic of leadership. The revolutionary morality of the proletariat is consistent with the state-of-the-art production relations and social system of the new China, which has made great achievements in the moral construction at that time. It's not enough to pay attention to private morality, even in "Left" Under the influence of thought, it is required to be completely unselfish; moreover, it is too emphasized to have the highest level of moral education, without taking into account the cultivation of higher education. Since the reform and opening-up, the moral construction is more scientific and practical, but there is still a lack of self-consciousness for the reasonable relationship between the moral education and the private morality. On the basis of the internal relationship between marriage and private morality, it is necessary to adapt to the reality of public communication and private communication and the need of people's comprehensive and free development. The present study puts forward that the contemporary moral construction should make the people's own place, interdependence and benign interaction with each other. The construction of the socialist core values will be carried out under the leadership of the socialist core values. We should understand the whole society through multi-faceted moral education, identify the relationship between democracy and private morality, and use the system to ensure the parallel construction of the private and private sectors; meanwhile, guide the individual to strengthen the figure-flattering from the aspects of the combination of science, the knowledge, the self-litigation and the independence, etc. To promote the development of people's overall and free development and the formation of good social morality.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D648
本文编号：2273653
[Abstract]:Moral construction is a country-led system engineering, which promotes the orderly operation of social communication by transforming ethics into morality to promote human development. The actual effect of moral construction and the point of focus to be strengthened are reflected by the people's moral features in real life. At present, there are outstanding problems in the social moral life of our country. In order to change the current situation effectively, it is necessary to have a clearer understanding of the relationship between morality, private morality and its relationship. This study is based on the principle of unity of Marxism logic and history, and studies the relationship between morality and private morality in contemporary moral construction by means of historical research, logic analysis, comparative research and so on. And how to construct reasonable relationship between morality and private morality in moral construction, so as to improve the effect of moral construction. Starting from this topic, this article tries to reveal the relationship between ethics and morality, morality and morality, moral construction, public communication and private communication and related concepts. In moral construction, we should correctly handle the relationship between them. Contemporary moral construction should transform the ethics of public communication and the ethics of private communication into the process of morality and private morality. On the basis of static logic disclosure on the relationship between morality and private morality in moral construction, this paper studies the historical evolution of the relationship between morality and private morality in moral construction in different periods of our country, and explores the factors that influence the relationship between morality and private morality. Through the study of the combination of static and dynamic, logic and history in the contemporary Chinese moral construction, this paper probes into how to construct the reasonable relationship between morality and private morality in contemporary China's moral construction. Through the analysis of the relationship between morality and private morality in moral construction at different times in history, it is found that the relationship between the moral and private morality can be influenced by many factors in the practice of moral construction. The moral construction of Chinese traditional society regards family ethics as the basis of social ethics, which is too much emphasis on family morality in relation to morality and private morality, and has the characteristics of private morality. It is the reflection of the farming time home, which reflects the inner core of Chinese traditional culture, its limitation lies in emphasizing the consanguinity, poor sequence, exclusiveness and so on, and leads to the lack of consciousness of consciousness, equal consciousness and so on. Since modern times, as a result of the national crisis, the nation's patriotic and national salvation has been paid more attention to and carried forward. In particular, the moral construction of new China from 1949 to 1978 regards revolutionary ethics as the basis of social life ethics, with proletarian revolutionary morality as the core and the first choice, thus forming the characteristic of leadership. The revolutionary morality of the proletariat is consistent with the state-of-the-art production relations and social system of the new China, which has made great achievements in the moral construction at that time. It's not enough to pay attention to private morality, even in "Left" Under the influence of thought, it is required to be completely unselfish; moreover, it is too emphasized to have the highest level of moral education, without taking into account the cultivation of higher education. Since the reform and opening-up, the moral construction is more scientific and practical, but there is still a lack of self-consciousness for the reasonable relationship between the moral education and the private morality. On the basis of the internal relationship between marriage and private morality, it is necessary to adapt to the reality of public communication and private communication and the need of people's comprehensive and free development. The present study puts forward that the contemporary moral construction should make the people's own place, interdependence and benign interaction with each other. The construction of the socialist core values will be carried out under the leadership of the socialist core values. We should understand the whole society through multi-faceted moral education, identify the relationship between democracy and private morality, and use the system to ensure the parallel construction of the private and private sectors; meanwhile, guide the individual to strengthen the figure-flattering from the aspects of the combination of science, the knowledge, the self-litigation and the independence, etc. To promote the development of people's overall and free development and the formation of good social morality.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D648
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 赵炎才;20世纪初资产阶级“公德”“私德”思想刍议[J];贵州社会科学;2002年06期
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