《四库全书总目》与《中国丛书综录》类目比较

发布时间：2018-04-23 12:32

本文选题：《四库全书总目》 + 《中国丛书综录》　；参考：《天津师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：古典目录学的类目设置由早期"六分法"到正统"四分法"经历了漫长的发展过程。其中,清乾隆时期编纂的大型官修目录《四库全书总目》(以下简称为《总目》)成为中国古代目录学的巅峰之作。建国后,国家陆续编修了各类大型古籍丛刊,《中国丛书综录》(以下简称为《综录》)作为首批代表之一,其对"四分法"类目的改进和革新意义非凡。本文通过比较《总目》与《综录》类目的异同,总结二者的优劣得失,对新时期古典目录学的发展略陈管见。首先,简述《总目》与《综录》的概况及二者的类目特色,点明其在编例规范、提要内容、类目次第、子目细化等多方面的特征。其次,列表对比两书的类目设置情况,概括二者在经、史、子、集四部分类的差异。可知《综录》较《总目》有以下几点重要变化:新增六类,为谶纬类、史表类、周秦诸子类、工艺类、典故类、其他宗教类;分化五类,其中礼类一分为四、春秋类一分为五、尔雅类从小学类分离、金石类从目录类分离、道教类从道家类分离;职官类、诏令奏议类、政书类三者合为政书一类;更名六类,其中书类改为尚书类、诗类改为诗经类、五经总义类改为群经总义类、兵家类改为兵书类、天文算法类改为历算类、释家类改为佛教类。再次,对二级类目的变化进行分类说明。通过梳理《中经新簿》《崇文总目》等官修目录,《汉志》《隋志》《旧唐志》《新唐志》《宋志》《明志》等史志目录,《郡斋读书志》《直斋书录解题》《遂初堂书目》《文献通考·经籍考》《千顷堂书目》《书目答问》《贩书偶记》等私家目录的类目设置,根据各书的序言案语,分析差异类目的源流发展。同时对比建国后多部大型古籍书目的类目改进情况,评价《综录》对《总目》类目并省增益的合理性,探寻新时期古典目录学的发展及变革过程。最后,宏观总结《综录》的类目改进情况,阐述两书的目录学价值及影响。总而言之,本文通过探寻《综录》对《总目》类目的改良,展示现代文化对于古典目录学的传承与创新。
[Abstract]:The category setting of classical bibliography has gone through a long process from the early six-cent method to the orthodox four-part method. In the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, the large official repair catalogue "Siku" (hereafter referred to as "General catalogue") became the peak of ancient Chinese bibliography. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the country successively edited various kinds of large-scale ancient books series, and the Chinese Series of Comprehensive Books (hereinafter referred to as "the Comprehensive Records") as one of the first batch of representatives, it is of special significance to the improvement and innovation of the category of "four methods". By comparing the similarities and differences between the categories of "General catalogue" and "Comprehensive record", this paper summarizes their merits and demerits, and gives some views on the development of classical bibliography in the new period. First of all, the general situation of "General item" and "Comprehensive record" and their classification characteristics are briefly described, and the characteristics of their specifications in compiling examples, the contents of the summary, the subcategories, and the refinement of the subcategories are pointed out. Secondly, this paper compares the two books' category setting, and summarizes the differences between them in four parts: classics, history, subsets and sets. We can see that there are the following important changes in "Comprehensive Records": six new categories, namely, prophecy, history, Zhou and Qin, craft, allusions, other religions, and differentiation, of which one is divided into four categories, one is divided into four categories, and the other is divided into five categories. Erya is separated from primary school, gold and stone from catalogue, Taoism from Taoism; official, imperial edict, and political book are classified as political type; and six types are renamed, of which the calligraphy is changed to the Shang Shu, and the poem to the Book of songs. The general sense of the five Classics was changed into the general sense of the Group Classics, the class of soldiers changed to the class of military books, the class of astronomical algorithms was changed into the category of calendars, and the category of Buddhism was changed into the category of Buddhism. Thirdly, the change of the second-level category is explained. By combing through the catalogue of historical records such as "Central Classic New Book" and "Chongwen General catalogue", "Han Zhi" < Sui Zhi > < Old Tang Zhi > < New Tang Zhi > < Song Zhi > < Ming Zhi > and other historical chronicles, "Jiangui Zhai Reading Chronicles" < Zhi Zhai Book record and explanation problem > < Sui Chu Tang Bibliography > < Literature General examination The categories of private catalogs, such as the examination of the Classics, the Bibliography of Qianqingtang, the Bibliography answer, the even Records of the pedlar, and so on, According to the preface of each book, the origin and development of different categories are analyzed. At the same time, compared with the improvement of many large ancient bibliography after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the author evaluates the rationality of "Comprehensive record" to the category of "General catalogue" and saves the gain, and probes into the development and reform process of classical bibliography in the new period. Finally, the author summarizes the improvement of the catalogue of the two books, and expounds the bibliographic value and influence of the two books. In a word, this paper, by exploring the improvement of the general catalogue, shows the inheritance and innovation of the modern culture to the classical bibliography.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G257

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