张参《五经文字》研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 15:31

本文选题：《五经文字》 + 张参　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《五经文字》是唐代官方推行的规正儒家经书文字的正字书,是有唐一代字样学兴盛的产物,其编撰者是以张参为首的国子监儒师,张参等人秉着严格中有变通的正字标准,校正群经文字,成书三卷,虽然篇幅不大,却深具内涵,书中涉及到规正楷体字形、阐述汉字流变、保留当时汉字读音、说解部分汉字字用等方面内容。因此有必要对该书进行全面而系统的研究,本文以《五经文字》一书为研究对象,除对该书的作者、版本、内容、体例进行梳理外,还从汉字的形、构、用属性角度来论述该书在汉字规范方面的各个内容。据此,本文主要分为三个部分:第一章以史料的考证和整理为主要研究方式。首先是考证《五经文字》的作者。一般认为其作者是中唐名儒张参,由于张参其人史书无传,故笔者通过新旧《唐书》和其他相关史料的辨析考证,一来确定张参编撰《五经文字》的主要地位,二来论述其生平事迹。其次是介绍《五经文字》的成书背景。通过梳理史料和后人考证文章,阐明《五经文字》成书的缘由和过程。最后是梳理该书版本源流。通过对已知现存的《五经文字》版本了解,厘清其版本源流的脉络。第二章通过归纳总结的方法,明晰《五经文字》一书的内容体例。首先,通过对《五经文字》一书收字个数和收字来源的统计,说明《五经文字》的收字范围及其正字依据。然后,对《五经文字》的卷首部首、每部正字的说解体例作全面介绍,形成一个对全书内容的初步把握,为研究《五经文字》的汉字规范内容做好基础工作。第三章是本文的研究重点,旨在系统整理《五经文字》一书的汉字规范内容。《五经文字》对汉字的规范涉及到确立字样、辨析正字、规正读音、解释字义、阐明字际关系等内容,内涵丰富,角度多样。笔者运用前人关于汉字属性的理论,将汉字属性和汉字规范问题相结合,通过汉字的形、构、用三大属性的角度,系统论述《五经文字》汉字规范的内容。通过字形属性分析,发现《五经文字》在文字字形的笔画和结体方面的严谨规范。通过构形属性分析,一方面明晰其正字构字的缘由和衍变发展,另一方面从局部构件的规范化、构字理据的保留程度两点证明了《五经文字》正字的合理规范。通过字用属性分析,将注释中体现的读音标注、字义解释、字际关系三个方面纳入到汉字字用属性的范畴进行分述,明确正字的记录职能和其在文献中的使用情况,揭示张参“为经不为字”的正字原则。
[Abstract]:The "Wujing script" is the official correct Confucian script of the Tang Dynasty. It is the product of the flourishing study of the characters of the Tang Dynasty. The authors of the book are the Confucian teachers in Guozi, who are headed by Zhang Shen, and Zhang Shen and others who hold strict and flexible standard of correct characters. The correction group of Chinese characters, three volumes, although not long, but deep connotation, the book involves the regular italics, elaborate the evolution of Chinese characters, retain the pronunciation of Chinese characters at that time, explain the use of some Chinese characters, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive and systematic study of the book. In this paper, the author, edition, content and style of the book are combed, and the form and construction of Chinese characters are also discussed. This paper discusses the contents of this book in the aspect of Chinese characters from the angle of attribute. According to this, this paper is divided into three parts: the first chapter is the textual research and collation of historical materials as the main research method. The first is the author of the five Classics. It is generally believed that the author of Zhang Shen is a famous scholar in the middle Tang Dynasty. Because Zhang Shen has no biography of his own historical books, the author, through the differentiation and textual research of the new and old Tang Books and other relevant historical materials, first determines the main position of Zhang Shen's compilation of the five Classics. Second, discuss its life story. Secondly, it introduces the background of the writing of the five Classics. Through combing historical data and textual research of later generations, this paper expounds the reason and process of the writing of the five Classics. Finally, combing the source of the book's version. By understanding the known version of the five Classics, the origin of its version is clarified. The second chapter clarifies the style of the book through the method of summing up and summing up the text of the five Classics. First of all, through the statistics of the number of words received and the source of the words in the Wujing character, the paper explains the scope of the word collection and the basis of the correct character. Then, the paper gives a comprehensive introduction to the first part of the volume of "Wujing characters" and the example of the disassembly of each correct character, which forms a preliminary grasp of the contents of the book, and makes a good foundation for the study of the standard contents of the Chinese characters of the "Wujing characters". The third chapter is the research focus of this paper, aiming at systemically arranging the contents of the Chinese characters in the book "Wujing characters". The regulation of the "Wujing characters" involves the establishment of characters, the analysis of correct characters, the regulation of pronunciation, and the interpretation of characters. Expound the content such as intercharacter relation, intension is rich, angle is diverse. Based on the former theory of Chinese character attribute, the author combines the problem of Chinese character attribute and Chinese character norm, through the form and construction of Chinese character, with the angle of three attributes, systematically discusses the content of Chinese character norm of "Wujing character". Based on the analysis of font attributes, it is found that the Wujing characters are strict in the stroke and conclusion of characters. Through the analysis of configuration attribute, on the one hand, the reason and evolution of the character construction is clear. On the other hand, from the standardization of local components and the retention degree of construction motivation, the reasonable standard of "Wujing character" is proved. Through character attribute analysis, the phonetic tagging, meaning explanation and inter-word relationship are included in the category of Chinese character attributes, and the recording function of positive characters and their use in the literature are clarified. This paper reveals the principle of Zhang Shen's correct character.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H12;G256

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