粮食安全视阈下我国粮食进口控制问题研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 09:54

本文关键词：粮食安全视阈下我国粮食进口控制问题研究　出处：《中国农业资源与区划》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的]近年来,在我国粮食增产同时,自给率水平不断下降,主要粮食品种净进口均呈常态化且增长迅速,甚至在2015年出现了奇怪的"三高并存"现象。因此,保障我国粮食安全,探寻有效控制进口的途径迫在眉睫。[方法]在查阅相关文献的基础上,综合运用定量统计描述、定性分析和比较分析方法,分析我国粮食进口现状及进口过度的原因。[结果]当前我国粮食进口过度问题严重,主要表现为"非必需进口过度"和"结构性进口过度"。造成我国粮食净进口远超产需缺口的直接原因是不断扩大的国内外粮食价差,根本原因是国内外生产成本差,其中劳动力成本在我国粮食生产成本上升中的贡献最大。[结论]确保粮食进口适度适当,要加强政策支持,降低国内粮食生产成本;影响进口粮食价格,缩小甚至逆转国内外价格差;推动农业"走出去",有效利用国际市场和国外资源;用足用好"黄箱"和"绿箱"政策,健全农业补贴体系。
[Abstract]:[Objective] in recent years, China's grain production has been increasing, and the level of self sufficiency has been decreasing. The net imports of main grain varieties have been normalized and growing rapidly. Even in 2015, the phenomenon of "three high coexistence" appeared. Therefore, it is imminent to guarantee the food security of our country and explore the effective way to control the import. [Methods] Based on the related literatures, we quantitatively analyzed the causes of grain import and the reasons of excessive imports based on quantitative statistical description, qualitative analysis and comparative analysis. [results] the problem of excessive grain import in China is serious at present, mainly as "excessive import excessive" and "structural overimport". The direct cause of China's grain import demand gap is far above the expanding domestic and international grain price, the fundamental reason is that domestic production costs, including labor cost contribution in China's grain production cost rise in maximum. [Conclusion] to ensure that food imports moderately appropriate, to strengthen policy support, reduce the cost of domestic grain production; influence of imported food prices, reduce or even reverse the price difference; promote agricultural "go out", the effective use of the international market and foreign resources; making full use of the "yellow box" and "green box" policy, improve agricultural subsidies system.
【作者单位】：郑州成功财经学院;
【基金】：河南省社科联、省经团联调研课题“河南省主要粮食作物降本增效的潜力及途径研究”(SKL-2017-3372)
【分类号】：F323.7;F752.61
【正文快照】： 0引言“立足国内、适度进口”是我国粮食安全新战略的核心内容。但是,近年来,我国主要粮食品种净进口均呈常态化且增长迅速,已出现了严重的进口过度问题。特别是在国内玉米库存持续增加背景下,玉米进口也在持续增长,玉米存在“非必需进口过度”问题。另外,中国的大豆需求80%以

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