我国农产品国际贸易中的虚拟水流动研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 08:18

本文关键词：我国农产品国际贸易中的虚拟水流动研究　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为一项基础的自然资源和重要的经济要素,水资源已成为一项重要的国际议题。随着经济水平不断提高、人口数量不断增加,我国所面临的水资源问题日益严峻。根据国际经验,虚拟水贸易可以作为缓解国内水资源压力的一项重要工具。本文主要衡量了 1987年至2013年间我国主要农产品贸易中的虚拟水流动。统计结果显示我国自1987年以来一直为虚拟水净进口国家,且自2003年以来虚拟水净进口量呈现出显著的上升,年化增长率达15.43%。至2013年,我国农产品国际贸易中的虚拟水净进口量高达121 980.15 km3,大豆的国际贸易为虚拟水出口总量和进口总量的主要构成,占比分别为36.25%和84.06%,韩国和巴西则分别为我国虚拟水出口贸易和进口贸易的首要对象,占比分别为29.06%和50.74%。通过分解分析得出,近年来我国农产品贸易中虚拟水出口总量的下降主要系由出口规模的减少引起的,而虚拟水进口总量的上升则主要系由农产品进口规模的上升引起的。我国通过农产品国际贸易实现的虚拟水净进口不仅有效缓解了我国国内的水资源压力,并且显著降低了全球水资源消耗。但我国农产品出口贸易带来虚拟水出口未能提高全球水资源的利用效率,可通过出口需水量低、经济价值高的农作物等方法优化虚拟水贸易战略。
[Abstract]:As a basic natural resource and an important economic factor, water resource has become an important international issue. The problem of water resources in China is becoming more and more serious. According to international experience. Virtual water trade can be used as an important tool to relieve the pressure of domestic water resources. From 1987 to 2013, the virtual water flow in China's main agricultural trade. The statistical results show that China has been a virtual water import country since 1987. Since 2003, the net import of virtual water has shown a remarkable increase, with an annual growth rate of 15.43% and an annual growth rate of 15.43% until 2013. The net import of virtual water in the international trade of agricultural products of our country is as high as 121 980.15 km3. The international trade of soybean is the main composition of the total quantity of virtual water export and the total amount of import. The proportion is 36.25% and 84.06 respectively, while South Korea and Brazil are the primary objects of China's virtual water export trade and import trade, respectively. The proportion is 29.06% and 50.74 respectively. Through the analysis of decomposition, it is concluded that the decline of the total fictitious water export in China's agricultural trade in recent years is mainly caused by the reduction of export scale. The increase of the total amount of virtual water imports is mainly caused by the increase of the scale of agricultural imports. The virtual net water imports realized through the international trade of agricultural products not only effectively alleviate the pressure of water resources in our country. But the virtual water export of our country can not improve the utilization efficiency of global water resources, but the water demand is low through export. Economic value of crops and other methods to optimize virtual water trade strategy.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.7;F752

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