我国蔬菜价格保险发展研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 07:05

本文关键词：我国蔬菜价格保险发展研究　出处：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：蔬菜价格风险是指蔬菜在生产到交易的过程中,因遇到自然或人为原因导致蔬菜价格波动的的风险。蔬菜价格保险是为防范价格风险而对农户收益保障的一种方法,也是我国在农业保险领域对价格风险管控的一种新的尝试。价格保险能够使不可保的市场风险转变为可保风险,因而蔬菜价格保险相对于传统种植保险更有优势。蔬菜价格保险按照保险产品设计时依据的价格数据或价格数据相关数据不同分为蔬菜价格指数保险和蔬菜价格保险。蔬菜价格指数保险数据来源是根据某一年蔬菜市场价格为基期,以后年份的市场价格为报告期,报告期与基期的比值即为价格指数。投保蔬菜在保险期限内日平均价格指数低于保险条款约定价格指数时,保险公司依照保险条款约定承担保险责任、给付保险金的保险。价格保险是以蔬菜价格数据作为产品设计数据来源,对数据进行简单的加权平均值计算,得出的价格为约定价格作为保险标的,当合同期限内被保蔬菜因产量、天气、成本等原因导致市场零售价低于约定价格时,保险公司依照保险条款约定承担保险责任、给付保险金的保险。价格保险的优点主要有:一是打破了市场风险不可保以及费率厘定由受灾时间、品种、损失情况决定的限制;二是简化了传统农业保险理赔的报案、收集资料、查勘定损等环节,对保险公司来说能够有效降低成本;三是价格信息由公信力强的农委、国家发改委、国家统计局或者地方权威统计部门收集发布,数据可靠性高;四是不同于期货市场的高门槛,无需交付经纪人佣金,任何人都可以购买保险产品;五是有利于发挥市场机制作用,从根本上建立农产品产业市场风险的防范和分散机制。一经推出收到了各级政府和保险公司的重视,自2011年至今已有11个省、市实行,极大地促进了我国蔬菜价格的发展。但发展同时也存在许多问题,与欧美发达国家还有很大差距,比如缺乏中央财政补贴,缺少价格数据主管部门,没有统一的价格依据等等。因此,本文首先以上海市、江苏省张家港市、四川省成都市、山东省多地市、北京市大兴区的不同蔬菜价格保险产品为主要研究对象,通过研究蔬菜价格保险产品设计入手,对比不同试点区保险产品之间的共性和差异性,分析共性的优势和差异性存在的原因。其次发现蔬菜价格保险产品在市场需要求、产品设计、政策支持方面存在的问题,对比美国、加拿大、日本的等农业保险发展较好的国家,分析其长足发展的原因并从中汲取经验。最后针对问题从产品设计、数据体系和政策支持方面提出改进办法,促进蔬菜价格保险的发展。
[Abstract]:The price of vegetables in the vegetable production risk refers to the transaction process, due to natural or man-made causes encountered vegetable price fluctuation risk. The price of vegetables insurance is to prevent the price risk and to a method of farmers income guarantee, is also our country in the field of agricultural insurance to the price risk management is a new attempt the price of insurance. Can not insurable market risk into insurable risk, so the price of vegetables insurance insurance has more advantages compared with traditional cultivation. The price of vegetables insurance in accordance with the price data or price data of insurance product design according to the relevant data is divided into different vegetable price index insurance and insurance. The price of vegetables vegetable price index insurance is based on the data source a vegetable market price as the base, the market price for the year after the reporting period, the ratio of the base period and report is the price index for vegetables In the insurance period, the average price index is lower than the price index insurance clauses, the insurance company in accordance with the terms of insurance contract assume insurance responsibility, the insurance that pays insurance gold price insurance is the price of vegetables product design data as data source, the data were simple weighted average price for the contract price, that is the subject of the insurance when the contract period is guaranteed because of the weather, vegetable yield, cost and other reasons lead to market retail price is lower than the agreed price, the insurance company in accordance with the terms of insurance contract responsibility of insurance, to pay insurance insurance insurance price. Advantages are: one is to break the market risk and uninsurable premium rate affected by time, variety, loss of decision limits; two is to simplify the traditional agricultural insurance claims report, data collection, surveying and other aspects of the insurance companies Can effectively reduce the cost; three is the price information from the credibility of a strong agriculture committee, the national development and Reform Commission, the National Bureau of statistics department or local authority to collect statistics data released, the reliability is high; four is different from the high threshold of the futures market, no delivery broker commissions, anyone can buy insurance products; five is conducive to play to the market mechanism effect of establishing risk of agricultural product industry market fundamentally prevent and disperse mechanism. By the introduction of a received attention at all levels of government and insurance companies, since 2011 there are 11 provinces, the city, which greatly promoted the development of vegetable prices in China. But there are also many problems, and there is a big gap in developed countries, such as the lack of central government subsidies, the lack of competent departments of price data, there is no uniform price basis and so on. Therefore, this paper takes Shanghai City, Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu province, Sichuan city in Chengdu Province, many cities in Shandong Province, Beijing City, Daxing District vegetable prices of different insurance products as the main research object, through the research of the price of vegetables insurance product design, similarities and differences between different pilot areas of insurance products, the reasons for the existence of the common advantages and differences. Then find the price of vegetables insurance products in the market demand, product design, there is support for the policy issues, compared to the United States, Canada, Japan and other countries with better development of agricultural insurance, and analyzes the reasons for the rapid development and learn from the experience. Finally, aiming at the problems from product design, data system and policy support and put forward the improvement measures, to promote the development of vegetable prices insurance.

【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.7;F842.66

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