能源价格扭曲、环境规制对环境质量的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 01:19

本文选题：能源价格扭曲　切入点：环境规制　出处：《安徽财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前中国多数城市都出现了雾霾天气,经济发达的地区情况尤为严重。环境污染问题已成为我国研究的热点和重点,缓解生态赤字、改变日益恶化的环境形势迫在眉睫。环境规制是国家改善环境质量的重要手段,同时我国工业化发展迅猛能源消费量与日俱增,能源非市场化导致的价格扭曲又不可避免的加剧了环境污染。环境规制对环境质量具有改善作用而能源价格扭曲对环境质量具有反向影响,那么两个因素共同作用对环境质量如何影响需要进一步研究。本文重点关注我国环境质量在两个因素共同作用下的效果,以及能源价格扭曲、经济水平、工业结构和制度等因素影响我国环境质量改善的发展前景。首先使用经典的道格拉斯生产函数法来测算我国的能源价格扭曲程度,结果表明各地区确实存在能源价格扭曲且均为负向扭曲,能源价格低于实际价值。其中东部地区的能源价格扭曲程度最高、西部地区程度较低,并且近十几年来能源价格扭曲程度都呈现了不同水平的下降趋势。环境规制强度的测算结果则显示全国各地区的规制强度都在增加,但是环境规制水平不高。近两年的增长幅度明显变缓甚至出现减弱的现象,表明我国对环境规制的重视度有待加强。实证部分选择带有交叉项的计量模型来衡量两个因素交互作用对环境质量的影响效果。基于静态面板固定效应模型的实证结果显示能源价格扭曲的存在削弱了环境规制的积极效果,而环境规制与能源价格扭曲的共同作用对环境质量呈现U型影响效果。基于一步系统GMM模型的实证结果发现因变量环境污染在短期内具有持续消极作用,影响下一期的环境质量。而两个因素的交互作用也具有U型影响效果,目前我国正处于转折的关键阶段,开始微弱的促进环境质量改善但效果不显著。两种计量模型的结论基本一致。因此我们认为两个因素对环境的共同作用开始加深了环境污染,随着环境规制加强和能源价格扭曲的减弱后又开始改善环境质量。东部地区已过了拐点,环境规制占主导地位。中西部地区还未过拐点处,要素价格扭曲起主导作用。而我国目前整体正处于转折点处,重视环境规制与各因素综合作用对改善我国环境质量至关重要。
[Abstract]:At present, most cities in China are experiencing haze weather, especially in economically developed areas. Environmental pollution has become a hot spot and focus of research in China, and the ecological deficit has been alleviated. It is urgent to change the deteriorating environmental situation. Environmental regulation is an important means to improve the environmental quality of the country, and the rapid development of energy consumption is increasing in China. The price distortion caused by non-marketization of energy inevitably intensifies the environmental pollution. Environmental regulation can improve the environmental quality, while the energy price distortion has the reverse effect on the environmental quality. Well, how the two factors work together on environmental quality needs further study. This paper focuses on the effect of environmental quality in China under the joint action of the two factors, as well as the distortion of energy prices and the economic level. Factors such as industrial structure and system affect the development prospects of environmental quality improvement in China. Firstly, the classical Douglas production function method is used to estimate the distortion of energy prices in China. The results show that there is a negative distortion in energy price in all regions, and the energy price is lower than the real value. The energy price distortion is the highest in the eastern region and the lowest in the western region. And in the past ten years, the distortion degree of energy prices has shown a downward trend at different levels. The results of environmental regulation intensity show that the intensity of regulation is increasing in all regions of the country. However, the level of environmental regulation is not high. In the last two years, the growth rate has obviously slowed down and even weakened. The empirical part chooses the econometric model with cross term to measure the effect of the interaction of two factors on the environmental quality. The real effect model based on static panel fixed effect model. The evidence shows that the existence of distorted energy prices weakens the positive effects of environmental regulation. The combined effect of environmental regulation and energy price distortion on environmental quality is U-shaped. Based on the empirical results of one-step system GMM model, it is found that environmental pollution of dependent variables has a continuous negative effect in the short term. The interaction of the two factors also has a U-shaped effect. At present, our country is in a critical stage of transition. The results of the two metrological models are basically the same. So we think that the combined effect of the two factors on the environment has begun to deepen the environmental pollution. With the strengthening of environmental regulation and the weakening of energy price distortion, the environmental quality has begun to improve. The eastern region has passed the inflection point, environmental regulation has dominated, and the central and western regions have not crossed the inflection point. Factor price distortion plays a leading role, but our country is at a turning point at present. It is very important to pay attention to the comprehensive action of environmental regulation and various factors to improve the environmental quality of our country.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.2;X24;F764

【相似文献】