随机产出与权力结构影响下农产品供应链公平协调研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 05:23

本文选题：随机产出　切入点：权力结构　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2004年以来,中央政府连续14年出台了有关"三农"问题的一号文件,将新形势下的农业发展提升至更重要层面。农产品供应链也因此成为近几年学者们研究的焦点。2017年的一号文件将增加农民收入、保障有效供给定为实现供给侧改革的主要目标。而我国农户与商业资本在农产品供应链中运作现状为:农户付出巨大代价但收入较低,商业企业只做加工却获得高额的利润。这实质上反映了分配机制不公平问题,易导致交易中断、成员关系破裂等问题,非常不利于农产品供应链协调发展。另外,在实际生产过程中,农产品独有的自然属性及易受天气、环境、自然灾害等因素影响的特性,决定了其产出量具有不稳定性。因此,结合实际情况,在考虑农产品产出不确定情况下,如何构建一个公平协调的供应链,对于实现农户增收、保障有效供给及我国农业可持续发展具有重要现实意义。本文以提高农户收入、保障有效供给为视角,基于不同权力结构,研究随机产出情况下农产品供应链公平协调问题。1.研究农户公平中性时,随机产出与权力结构对供应链成员决策及利润影响。结合我国农产品供应链结构多样化的现状,采用博弈理论,构建随机产出情况下的权力结构模型,分析农户公平中性时,随机产出与不同权力结构下供应链成员决策及利润的变化情况。研究表明:(1)农户与零售商是否受益于权力受随机产出影响;(2)加法和乘法随机产出模型中,农户主导和Nash博弈时,农户决策受随机产出影响情况与其边际收益有关,产出随机性损害了农户、零售商及供应链整体收益;(3)加法和乘法随机产出模型中,零售商主导时,农户、零售商决策及零售商收益受随机产出影响情况与零售商边际收益有关。2.研究农户公平偏好时,随机产出与不同权力结构下农产品供应链协调问题。引入农户公平偏好,利用博弈论和公平理论,构建不同权力结构下的公平偏好模型,分析模型中公平参数对成员决策及利润的影响情况。研究发现:(1)农户主导和Nash博弈情况下,农户公平偏好并不能为自身争取收益,相反会损害自身、零售商及供应链整体效用,且调整参数不能实现供应链协调;(2)零售商主导情况下,适当的参照标准范围内,农户合适的公平偏好促使零售商改变订购策略,提高了农户的收入,实现了更为公平的交易,同时保障了供应链的整体协调。
[Abstract]:Since 2004, the central government has issued the first document on the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers for 14 consecutive years, which promotes the development of agriculture to a more important level under the new situation.Agricultural supply chain has therefore become the focus of scholars in recent years. The 2017 document No. 1 will increase farmers' income and ensure effective supply as the main goal of supply-side reform.However, the current situation of farmers and commercial capital in agricultural supply chain is: farmers pay a huge price but have low income, and commercial enterprises only process but get high profits.This essentially reflects the unfair distribution mechanism, which easily leads to the interruption of transaction and the breakdown of the member relationship, which is very unfavorable to the coordinated development of agricultural product supply chain.In addition, in the actual production process, the unique natural attributes of agricultural products and the characteristics easily affected by weather, environment, natural disasters and other factors determine the output of agricultural products has instability.Therefore, considering the uncertain output of agricultural products, how to construct a fair and coordinated supply chain is of great practical significance for farmers to increase income, ensure effective supply and sustainable development of agriculture in China.Based on different power structures, this paper studies the problem of fair coordination of supply chain of agricultural products under the condition of random output from the perspective of increasing farmers' income and ensuring effective supply.This paper studies the influence of stochastic output and power structure on the decision and profit of supply chain members when farmers are fair and neutral.According to the present situation of the diversification of supply chain structure of agricultural products in China, this paper uses game theory to construct the power structure model under the condition of random output, and analyzes the fair and neutral peasant households.Random output and the change of supply chain members' decision and profit under different power structure.The results show that: 1) whether farmers and retailers benefit from power influenced by random output is related to marginal income in additive and multiplicative stochastic output models. When farmers play games with Nash, farmers' decision is affected by random output.In the models of additive and multiplicative stochastic output of farmers, retailers and supply chain, the decisions of farmers, retailers' decisions and retailers' income affected by random output are related to the marginal income of retailers.This paper studies the coordination of supply chain of agricultural products under different power structure and random output when farmers' fair preference is studied.The fair preference of farmers is introduced, and the fair preference model under different power structure is constructed by using game theory and fair theory, and the influence of fair parameters on the decision-making and profit of members is analyzed.It is found that in the case of peasant household dominance and Nash game, farmers' fair preference can not gain income for themselves, on the contrary, it will damage themselves, retailers and the overall utility of supply chain.And the adjustment parameter can not realize the coordination of supply chain. (2) under the condition of the retailer's leading, within the proper reference standard, the farmer's proper fair preference impels the retailer to change the ordering strategy, raise the farmer's income, and realize the fairer transaction.At the same time, the overall coordination of the supply chain is guaranteed.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.7

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