玉米目标价格改革:难点及其路径选择

发布时间：2019-01-17 08:39

【摘要】：玉米临储价格政策,发挥了增加农民收入和粮食产量的双重作用。然而,价格的双刃剑也使其造成了下游产业的高成本、国产玉米巨额库存积压、市场竞争力的丧失以及严重的生态侵害。玉米临储价格走向了终结,目标价格成为替代的选择。目标价格实施的难点是目标价格水平的确定、农民收入补贴方式的选择、国家财政的承受能力以及农民卖粮难的风险。破解难点可选择的路径是以主产区农民获得正常收益和加工企业回归到盈亏平衡点以上作为目标价格水平的参照,以农民实际销售数量作为农民补贴的依据并充分评估信息化为此提供的可能性;同时,充分评估玉米用途的多元性及市场的开放性对化解财政风险和农民卖粮难风险所提供的空间。
[Abstract]:Corn price policy, played a dual role in increasing farmers' income and grain production. However, the double-edged sword of price also causes the high cost of downstream industry, the huge stock backlog of domestic corn, the loss of market competitiveness and serious ecological damage. The price of corn reserve has come to an end, and the target price has become an alternative. The difficulty of implementing target price is the determination of target price level, the choice of farmers' income subsidy mode, the ability of national finance to bear and the risk of farmers' difficulty in selling grain. The alternative path to solve the difficulties is to take the normal income of the farmers in the main producing areas and the return of the processing enterprises to the break-even point as the reference to the target price level. Taking the amount of farmers' actual sales as the basis of farmers' subsidy and fully evaluating the possibility of information technology for this purpose; At the same time, the space provided by the diversification of corn use and the openness of market to resolve the financial risk and the risk of farmers selling grain is fully evaluated.
【作者单位】：吉林农业大学经济管理学院;中国粮食主产区农村经济研究中心;
【基金】：农业部软科学研究项目“玉米临储价格调整效应和玉米目标价格改革问题研究”(编号:Z201610)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：F323.7

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