CaO基催化剂原位催化气化城市固体废物生产富氢可燃气

发布时间：2024-05-29 05:08

　　随着城镇化和工业化进程的加快,城市固体废物产量和全球能源需求也在以惊人的速度增长,由此引发了人们对环境恶化和自然资源枯竭的关注。开发可再生能源是满足未来发展的关键,而氢气被认为是最有前景的清洁可再生能源。城市生活垃圾主要由碳氢化合物组成,是一种极具吸引力的气化替代原料。然而,当前绝大多数城市生活垃圾通过填埋和堆置进行处理处置,导致温室气体排放等环境问题。因此,利用城市生活垃圾作为气化原料,可以减少因填埋带来的温室气体排放。另外,与垃圾焚烧相比,城市生活垃圾气化产生的污染排放更易于控制,是一种更为环保的工艺。垃圾气化生产富氢合成气技术目前处于研发阶段。文献综述表明,城市生活垃圾含水率高、气化过程中催化剂失活、焦油生成和合成气污染是制约城市生活垃圾气化生产富氢合成气发展的主要技术障碍。因此,为实现生活垃圾资源化生产高附加值合成气,亟需开发有效的调控策略。催化剂的应用被认为是解决以上问题的有效方法。目前,气化后催化重整已得到广泛关注,但仍缺乏关于城市生活垃圾原位催化气化的研究。原位催化气化技术具有成本低、工艺简单等优点。因此,本研究制备并考察了富CaO废弃大理石粉(WMP)、Ni-CaO-T...

【文章页数】：163 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
List of major symbols, units, and abbreviations
1 Introduction
    1.1 Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
        1.1.1 Characteristics of MSW
        1.1.2 Properties of MSW
    1.2 MSW conversion routes
        1.2.1 Biochemical conversion routes
        1.2.2 Thermochemical conversion routes
    1.3 Technological overview of gasification
        1.3.1 Gasification reactions
        1.3.2 Gasification process types
        1.3.3 Gasifiers
        1.3.4 Process operating parameters
        1.3.5 Tar formation
        1.3.6 Tar reforming techniques
    1.4 Catalytic gasification
        1.4.1 Natural minerals
        1.4.2 Synthetic catalysts
    1.5 Worldwide gasification technology development situation
        1.5.1 Sustainable H₂ production from MSW gasification
        1.5.2 Chemical loop gasification (CLG)
    1.6 Technical barriers and challenges
        1.6.1 Feedstock pre-processing/handling
        1.6.2 Syngas contamination
        1.6.3 Ash and char
        1.6.4 Catalyst deactivation
    1.7 Research motivation, purpose and significance
    1.8 Objective of the thesis
    1.9 Framework and structure of the thesis
2 MSW gasification with waste marble powder as a catalyst
    2.1 Background
    2.2 Experimental
        2.2.1 Materials
        2.2.2 Apparatus and procedure
        2.2.3 Methods of sample analysis
        2.2.4 Methods of data processing
    2.3 Results and Discussion
        2.3.1 Effect of waste marble powder (WMP)
        2.3.2 Effect of temperature
        2.3.3 Effect of steam rate
        2.3.4 Analysis of solid residues
        2.3.5 Tar analysis
        2.3.6 Comparison with previous calcium based catalysts studies
    2.4 Summary
3 Ni doped waste marble powder catalyst promoted by transition metals for MSW gasification
    3.1 Background
    3.2 Experimental
        3.2.1 Materials
        3.2.2 Catalyst preparation
        3.2.3 Experimental setup and procedure
        3.2.4 Analysis methods
    3.3 Results and discussion
        3.3.1 Catalyst characterization
        3.3.2 Gasification conditions optimization
        3.3.3 Catalyst performance
        3.3.4 Tar analysis
    3.4 Summary
4 MSW gasification using Ni-CaO-TiO₂ catalyst prepared by DC arc plasma melting
    4.1 Background
    4.2 Experimental
        4.2.1 MSW sample
        4.2.2 Catalyst preparation
        4.2.3 Cyclic carbonation-calcination test
        4.2.4 Gasification experiments
        4.2.5 Analytical methods
    4.3 Results and discussion
        4.3.1 Catalyst characterization
        4.3.2 Cyclic CO₂ capture performance
        4.3.3 MSW gasification performance
        4.3.4 Tar analysis
        4.3.5 Comparison with previous literature
    4.4 Summary
5 HfO₂ promoted Ni-CaO catalyst for gasification of wet MSW
    5.1 Background
    5.2 Experimental
        5.2.1 Materials
        5.2.2 Catalyst preparation
        5.2.3 Catalyst characterization
        5.2.4 Gasification experiment
    5.3 Results and discussion
        5.3.1 Catalyst characterization
        5.3.2 Cyclic CO₂ capture performance
        5.3.3 Catalytic gasification performance
        5.3.4 Tar analysis
    5.4 Comparison of catalysts studied in this work
    5.5 Summary
Conclusions, innovation points and outlook
    Conclusions
    Innovation points
    Outlook
References
Appendices
Publications during Ph.D.studies
Acknowledgement
Author's Information



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