从职贡图到八蛮进宝和回回进宝——陕西关中拴马桩人驭狮雕像试读

发布时间：2018-03-14 18:05

本文选题：拴马桩　切入点：《职贡图》　出处：《美术观察》2004年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：正关中拴马桩主要分布在渭河以北的渭南、铜川、咸阳、宝鸡市的广大乡村。其中以渭南市的澄城、合阳、大荔、华县的遗存最多最集中。铜川的富平,咸阳的旬邑、泾阳、彬县,宝鸡的岐山、扶风遗存也较多。渭河以南的西安市临潼,北山以北的黄陵、洛川也有一定数量的遗存。拴马桩的形制多为方柱体,无柱础,下端直接埋入土中,出地面—般高二百厘米左右,宽20—30厘米,桩首多雕动物(狮、猴),其次为人物以及人物与动物组合形象(图1-3),桩颈刻出台座,桩身削刹。过去,这种石桩—般都立置在庄户人家大门口,左右两根对称,现在用来拴骡马、牛,当地乡民称之为拴马桩(也有将之称作望桩、看桩、样桩的)。在关中地区,另有一种石桩与拴马桩的样式相同,村桩身高大粗壮,雕饰华美,人们称之为望桩、看桩、样桩。
[Abstract]:Zhengguanzhong tie horse piles are mainly distributed in the vast villages of Weinan, Tongchuan, Xianyang and Baoji, north of the Weihe River. Among them, Chengcheng, Heyang, Dali and Hua County of Weinan City are the most concentrated. Fuping in Tongchuan, Xunyi and Jingyang in Xianyang are the most concentrated. Binxian, Baoji's Qishan and Fufeng also have more relics. Lintong, Xi'an, south of the Weihe River, Huangling, north of Beishan, and Luochuan also have a certain number of remains. The shape of the tie horse pile is mostly square column, no pillar foundation, and the lower end is directly buried in the soil. Out of the ground about 200 cm tall, 20-30 cm wide, many animals (lion, monkey, etc.) at the head of the pile (Lion, Monkey), followed by characters and figures combined with animals (Fig. 1-3), the pile-neck block was carved out, and the pile-body brake was cut. In the past, This kind of stone pile--generally stands at the gate of the family in the village, and is symmetrical to the left and right. Now it is used to tie mule horses and cattle, and the local villagers call it tied stumps (also known as looking-stacks, peering piles, and pile-like piles). In the Guanzhong area, Another kind of stone pile is the same as the tied horse pile. The village pile is tall and stout, decorated with beauty, people call it looking pile, looking pile, sample pile.
【作者单位】：陕西人民美术出版社画册史论编辑室
【分类号】：J305

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