姚永朴《文学研究法》文章学理论探要

发布时间：2017-12-31 17:44

本文关键词：姚永朴《文学研究法》文章学理论探要　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：姚永朴的《文学研究法》是他任教北大时编写的一部讲义,虽为讲义,但全书发凡起例,仿之《文心雕龙》。姚永朴根据自己独到的见解,将零散的桐城古文理论,选择精粹部分进行整理分析,自成体系。因此它被视为桐城派文论的集大成之作。本文主要从文道论、文要论、文品论三个方面来阐释姚永朴的文章学理论体系,并力图找到姚永朴的独特之处。全文主要分为三个部分:引言、正文、结语。引言首先介绍了姚永朴的生平及其著作,其次简述了《文学研究法》的选题意义、研究现状描述、本文的研究角度及方法和拟研究的问题。明确了正文中所要研究的内容。正文分为三个部分:文道论、文要论、文品论。其一,文道论主要论述的是文章“根本”的问题,这也是文章学理论中最为根本的问题。文之根本,首在明道,突出“道”的重要性,“道”为文的根本;而文之功效,重在经世,指出“经世”是重中之重。文章的根本在于明道经世,其本质就是文章对社会的功用性,而“道”是这一切理论与功效的“根本”。其二,文要论主要论述的是文章要素的问题,也即探讨“文章何以成为文章”的问题。姚永朴认为义法虽为纲领,但不足以尽文章之妙。他借鉴先贤的理论,在其基础上进行阐释与增补,故此将姚鼐的八字箴言两两分组,分别介绍其中的特点,以阐释其主要观点。他认为“神理气味”与“格律声色”应完美结合,才能构成一篇出色的文章。其三,文品论主要论述的是文章的风格问题。本文将从“无偏阴阳,刚柔迭用”,“法而不法,从正至奇”,“文之首务,尚雅去俗”以及“敷陈条畅,繁简得当”四部分来论述。关于风格的问题,姚永朴在姚鼐“阴阳刚柔说”的基础上,又加“奇正”、“雅俗”、“繁简”,把风格论趋于完善。结语总结了姚永朴的文章学理论中最为主要的内容,简述了他对文体论的观点,最后指出了《文学研究法》的缺陷,但瑕不掩瑜,其文章学理论的价值是不可磨灭的。
[Abstract]:Yao Yongpu's "Literature Research method" is a handout he compiled when he taught at Peking University. Although it is a handout, the book is written as an ordinary example. Yao Yongpu is based on his own unique view. The scattered theory of Tongcheng ancient prose, select the essence of the analysis, to form a system. Therefore, it is regarded as the Tongcheng school of literary theory as a collection of works. This paper mainly from the literary theory, literary essentials. The text is divided into three parts: introduction and text. The introduction first introduces Yao Yongpu's life and his works, and then briefly describes the significance of the topic and the status quo of the study. The research angle and method of this paper and the problems to be studied. It clarifies the content of the study in the text. The text is divided into three parts: the theory of literary and Taoism, the theory of literary essentials, and the theory of articles and articles. The theory of literary and Taoism mainly deals with the question of "fundamental" of the article, which is also the most fundamental problem in the theory of literature. The essence of the text lies first in the Ming Dao, the importance of the "Tao" is highlighted, and the "Tao" is the fundamental problem of the text. And the effect of the article, mainly on the Jingshi, points out that "Jingshi" is the most important. The essence of the article lies in the Mingdao Jingshi, and its essence is the function of the article to the society. "Tao" is the "fundamental" of all these theories and effects. Second, the main point of the essay theory is to discuss the elements of the article, that is to say, to explore the problem of "why the article becomes the article". Yao Yongpu thinks that the meaning and law is the program. But it is not enough to complete the article. He draws lessons from the theory of the sages, on the basis of its interpretation and supplement, so Yao Nai's eight-character maxim is divided into two groups, respectively, to introduce the characteristics. In order to explain its main point of view, he believes that "the smell of God" and "rhythmic tone" should be a perfect combination, in order to constitute an excellent article. The article mainly deals with the style of the article. This article will be from "unbiased yin and yang, rigid and soft repeated use", "law and illegal, from the right to strange", "the first thing of the text, Shang elegant to vulgar" and "apply the old article unobstructed." On the question of style, Yao Yongpu adds "Qizheng", "elegance" and "complexity" on the basis of Yao Nai's "yin-yang rigid and soft theory". The conclusion summarizes the most important content of Yao Yongpu's literary theory, briefly describes his views on stylistic theory, and finally points out the defects of the Literary Research method, but does not obscure his shortcomings. The value of his literary theory is indelible.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I206

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