语义悬置:强制阐释的符号学理据——兼谈当代中国文论研究的问题与方法

发布时间：2018-01-11 10:38

本文关键词：语义悬置:强制阐释的符号学理据——兼谈当代中国文论研究的问题与方法　出处：《暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国社会科学院张江教授提出的"强制阐释"的确是西方文论家在阐释文学作品意义上的总体特征,有其合理性。综观中西文学批评史,"强制阐释"有两种类型。第一种是作家故意"悬置"语言符号的所指,从而造成意义的难解。根据"阐释学循环"原理,批评家阐发作品意义的唯一途径是通过"语境折射"找到一个"二度指称"的所指,而这个所指往往是批评家预设的意义。第二种是由于时间距离某个词汇的意义古今有别,后人以今度古,对作品整体意义的阐释有可能严重偏离作者原意,这不单是"强制阐释",更是一种错读、错释。前者是不可避免的,后者是必须加以禁止的。文学阐释是二十世纪西方文论的主流,但不是唯一的范式,更不是文学研究的理想状态。当代中国文论研究者并没有看到西方文论的全貌,应继续译介,同时在夯实文学语言研究的基础上解决会通中西的"文学问题",至于解决问题的方法则是次要问题。
[Abstract]:The "compulsory interpretation" proposed by Professor Zhang Jiang of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences is indeed the overall characteristic of the western literary theorists in the interpretation of literary works and has its rationality. There are two types of "forced interpretation". The first is that the writer deliberately "suspends" the meaning of the language symbol, thus causing the meaning difficult to understand. According to the "hermeneutics cycle" principle. The only way for critics to elucidate the meaning of the works is to find out the meaning of a second reference through "context refraction". The second is that the meaning of a word is different between ancient and modern, so the interpretation of the whole meaning of the works may deviate from the author's original meaning. This is not only "forced interpretation", but also a misreading. The former is inevitable, the latter must be prohibited. Literary interpretation is the mainstream of western literary theory in 20th century, but it is not the only paradigm. The researchers of contemporary Chinese literary theory have not seen the whole picture of western literary theory, so they should continue to translate and introduce, and at the same time solve the "literary problems" of understanding Chinese and Western literature on the basis of ramming up the study of literary language. The solution to the problem is secondary.
【作者单位】：沈阳师范大学文学院;
【基金】：沈阳师范大学重大孵化项目《转型时期的文学理论建设与批评实践研究》(批准号:ZD201610)
【分类号】：I206.7
【正文快照】： 从2014年开始,中国社会科学院张江教授在《中国社会科学》《文学评论》等刊物上发表了一系列文章,指出了“当代西方文论”在论证过程中的通病,并将其概括为“强制阐释”。这些文章在学界引起了强烈反响,各类学术刊物也刊登了不少书信、笔谈、论文等延伸讨论“强制阐释”的文章

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