金圣叹叙事思想研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 19:21

本文关键词：金圣叹叙事思想研究　出处：《山西师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：金圣叹是我国明清时期著名的文学家、文学批评家。他打破文体界限，用读文章的“一副手眼”来看待《水浒传》《西厢记》，并加以评点，对后世产生了重大影响。本文从文事关系论、叙事结构论、叙事节奏论、叙事角度论四个方面论述了金圣叹的叙事思想：（一）文事关系论。金圣叹提出《史记》是“以文运事”，《水浒传》是“因文生事”，明确了历史与小说的区别，并把重心从“事”转向“文”，主张一切“为文计，不为事计”。“文”由作为“事”的载体转为主体，，“事”成为“文”的素材，即“事为文料”。而根据作文的需求，还可以“因文生事”。“生事”要遵循“笔性”的要求，对题目进行前后“那碾”，所生之事包括“楔子”和“波澜”两种类型。（二）叙事结构论。金圣叹提出“先有成竹在胸，夫而后随笔迅扫，极妍尽致”的观点，确立了严整与神变统一的结构观。同时，本文从“节次”“过接”“章法”三方面阐述了金圣叹的结构技巧思想，并在此基础上将文章结构与社会文化背景相结合，发掘表层结构下的深层含义，即“结构之道”。（三）叙事节奏论。本文从“情节节奏”“叙述节奏”“情调节奏”三方面阐述了金圣叹的叙事节奏思想。在情节节奏方面，金圣叹以“风”为喻，揭示了情节发展的“始——盛——收”，同时，他发现故事情节的一波三折、文势的起伏跌宕都会影响读者的心理节奏变化。在叙述节奏方面，金圣叹提出“写急事亦不肯少用笔”以及“极忙者事，极闲者笔”的叙述策略，通过叙述技法来调控叙事节奏。在情调节奏方面，金圣叹指出前后不同的审美情调能够使读者心神荡漾，获得极大的审美享受。（四）叙事角度论。金圣叹在评点时非常注重对人物视角的点出，实现了我国古代叙事视角“理论上的自觉”。本文通过“××眼中事”阐述了金圣叹对人物眼光的看法，通过“影灯漏月”说明了听觉叙事的审美效果，通过“一句看他多曲”分析了金圣叹所标注的人物眼光的流动与叠加效果。本文的创新点在于：（一）在论述时力求避免用西方叙事学理论来图解金圣叹的叙事思想，而是回到金圣叹评点本身，对之进行还原，试图总结出原汁原味的金圣叹叙事思想；（二）本文把金圣叹的评点置于文章学理论系统中，从“做得好文字”的目的出发，试图从“虚构叙事”角度总结出叙事文学创作方法；（三）在个别具体理论阐述上的创新，如拈出“成竹在胸”与“随笔迅扫”来说明金圣叹严整与神变统一的结构观；强化了“影灯漏月”的听觉叙事的论述，并摘取“一句看他多曲”的表述阐释人物眼光的流动与叠加等。作为我国小说评点界的巨擘，金圣叹代表了我国古代叙事理论的高峰。本文通过对其叙事思想进行研究，试图构建一个立足中国本土且有益于当下叙事文学创作与批评实践的叙事理论体系，这也是本文的写作意图所在。
[Abstract]:Jin Shengtan is a famous writer, literary critic of China's Ming and Qing Dynasties. He broke the stylistic boundaries, by reading the article "a hand" to look at "Water Margin > > Xixiangji, and comment, have had great influence on later generations. In this paper the relationship between the theory on the narrative structure, narrative rhythm theory on the four aspects of narrative perspective, discusses Jin Shengtan's narrative thoughts:
(a) the relationship. Jin Shengtan proposed the historical records "in the < >. < >" Water Margin "because of the trouble", a clear distinction between history and fiction, and focus from "things" to "text", "the article advocates all, not for things". From the "text" as a "thing" as the main carrier of the turn, "thing" has become the "text" of the material, namely "things for the material. According to the composition of the demand, but also" because of the trouble. "" trouble "to follow the" pen ", on the topic of" that run before and after "the things including" wedge "and" waves "of two types.
(two) on the narrative structure. Jin Shengtan put forward the "first, then fast sweep have ready plans to meet a situation, essays, extremely Yan head", established the structure of thorough and uniform view of God changed. At the same time, this article from the "Festival" "the" "practice" three aspects of Jin Shengtan's thought and skill structure. On this basis, the article structure and the social and cultural background of the combination of the deep meaning of excavation surface structure under the "structure of the road.
(three) narrative rhythm theory. This paper from the "rhythm" and "narrative rhythm" "exotic rhythm" three aspects of Jin Shengtan's thought. The narrative rhythm in the plot rhythm, Jin Shengtan to "wind" as a metaphor, reveals the development of the plot "beginning -- - Sheng", at the same time, he found the story the potential of the ups and downs of striking one snag after another, will affect the readers' psychological rhythm changes. In the narrative rhythm, Jin Shengtan put forward the "urgent also refused to write small pen" and "very busy, very busy person pen" narrative strategy, through narrative techniques to control the narrative rhythm. The rhythm in the mood, Jin Shengtan said the different aesthetic sentiment can make readers smile, get great aesthetic pleasure.
(four) theory of narrative angle. Jin Shengtan attaches great importance to the point of view of the characters in the comments, the realization of China's ancient narrative perspective "consciousness" theory. Through "* * eyes thing" describes Jin Shengtan's views on people vision, through the "shadow light leakage" explains to the aesthetic effect of sleep the narrative, through "a word he song" to analyze the effect of flow and superposition of Jin Shengtan marked characters eye.
The innovation of this paper lies in: (a) in the discussion of desirable to avoid graphic Jin Shengtan with the western narrative theory of narrative ideas, but returned to Jin Shengtan's comment itself, to restore, trying to summarize the authentic narrative of Jin Shengtan thought; (two) the Jin Shengtan's comment on the theory system, starting from the "well done text", attempts to narrative literature summarized from imaginary narrative perspective; (three) on individual innovation theory, such as twist "and" fast and have ready plans to meet a situation "essay" to explain the structure of Jin Shengtan thorough and God becomes unified concept; strengthen the auditory narrative shadow light leakage month "is discussed, and the removal of" flow and a superposition of He Song "the expression of the characters. The vision of the interpretation
As China's novel comment giant, Jin Shengtan on behalf of the Chinese ancient narrative theory peak. Based on the research of its narrative thoughts, trying to build a foothold China native and beneficial to the present narrative literary creation and criticism of the narrative theory, it is the intention of writing this article.

【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I206.2

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