汉魏六朝箴体文流变研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 09:14

本文选题：箴体文　切入点：正体　出处：《华侨大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉魏六朝是文体观念日臻成熟的重要时期。箴作为一种与政治、世教有密切联系的古老文体,在先秦时期并没有形成固定的文体样式和箴谏模式。直到西汉,扬雄大量地创作箴体文才使其走向成熟并基本定型。经过汉魏六朝数个世纪的发展,箴体文逐渐呈现出新的面貌。论文以创作时代为次,从箴谏对象和创作主体两个方面入手,对箴体文进行新的分类。并且以此为基础,探析箴体文在体制、功能和风格等方面的“正”与“变”,厘清箴体文在汉魏六朝的流变史。通过分析汉魏六朝箴体文的创作面貌及其分类可以发现,由“正体”到“变体”是箴体文在这一时期的发展主线。就“正体”而言,其特点主要表现在稽古虞箴的典范体制、“官箴王阙”的箴谏模式、以御过补阙为主的正体功能以及清壮切至的正体风格等四个方面。就“变体”而言,则主要表现在以下四个方面:首先是体制的变化,表现为“长箴”和“序文”的出现;其次是箴谏模式的变化,主要表现为箴谏对象和创作主体的扩大以及赠箴和自箴兼他箴箴谏形式的出现;再次是功能的变化,表现为普世性规劝和训戒功能的出现;最后是语体风格的变化,主要表现为激切犀利、语重心长、委婉情深、清丽简约等多种风格的出现。汉魏六朝箴体文之所以由“正”到“变”,主要有三个方面的原因。首先是政治和文化生态层面。政治更迭在很大程度上决定了箴谏对象,文化变迁使箴文在思想方面拥有新的风貌,如出现了专门阐发玄学和佛学的作品。其次是文学生态层面。汉赋影响着箴文的写作方式和文体风格。第三是文人生态层面。个人生存境遇深刻影响着箴谏对象、箴谏形式以及作品风格;与此同时,家族传统在箴体文的发展道路上起着重要作用。随着封建君权的加强、监察制度的完善和矢言之道的阙失,以御过补阙为己任的箴体便失去了生长的土壤。这也正好说明了后来箴体衰落的原因及在当代重提箴体创作的必要性。
[Abstract]:The Han, Wei and six dynasties were the important periods when the stylistic ideas matured. Pro, as an ancient style closely related to politics, had not formed a fixed style of style and admonition pattern in the pre-Qin period. Until the Western Han Dynasty, there was no fixed style and pattern of admonition. After centuries of development in the Han, Wei and six dynasties, Progenics gradually took on a new look. The thesis started from the object of admonition and the subject of creation, taking the creation time as the second place, starting with the object of admonition and the subject of creation. A new classification of proverbs is carried out. On this basis, we explore the system of proverbs. The function and style of "Zheng" and "change" in order to clarify the history of the evolution of the proverbs in the Han, Wei and the six dynasties. Through the analysis of the Han, Wei, and the six dynasties, we can find out the features of the creation and classification of the Progeniture of the Han, Wei, and the six dynasties. From "orthodox" to "variant" is the main line of development in this period. As far as "orthodox" is concerned, its characteristics are mainly manifested in the model system of Yuzhen, the admonition mode of "Guan Zhen Wang que". In terms of "variation", it is mainly manifested in the following four aspects: first, the change of the system, manifested by the appearance of "Changzhen" and "preface"; The second is the change of pro admonition mode, which is mainly manifested in the expansion of the object of admonition and the creation of the subject, the appearance of the form of giving pro and self pro and admonishing pro pro, the change of function, the appearance of universal exhortation and admonition; Finally, it is the change of style, which is characterized by sharp and sharp speech, long speech and deep euphemism. The emergence of various styles such as Qingli and simplicity. There are three main reasons for the change from "positive" to "changing" in the Prose style of the Han, Wei and six dynasties. First, there are political and cultural ecological aspects. Political change determines the object of admonition to a large extent. The change of culture has made pro Wen have a new style in thought. For example, there have been works devoted to the elucidation of metaphysics and Buddhism, followed by the ecological aspect of literature. Han Fu affects the writing style and stylistic style of proverbs. The third is the ecological aspect of literati. Personal living conditions deeply affect the object of admonition. At the same time, the family tradition played an important role in the development of Progeniture. With the strengthening of feudal monarchy, the perfection of supervision system and the lack of word, The pro body with the responsibility of imperial defense has lost the soil of growth, which explains the reason of the decline of pro body and the necessity of putting forward the creation of pro style again in the contemporary era.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I206.2

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