近代“文明论”的兴起与清末小说中关于“文明”的歧见——以《瓜分惨祸预言记》和《新石头记》为例

发布时间：2018-04-19 18:14

本文选题：清末小说 + 文明论　；参考：《社会科学研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：近代文学不同于传统文学的一大变化在于其内在文化价值观念的变化。近代价值观变化的第一次大潮表现为"以西洋文明为目标"的文明论的兴起,它颠覆了中国人既往对于"文明"和"野蛮"的理解和判断,改变了中国人的自我定位及看待世界的基本方式。《瓜分惨祸预言记》与《新石头记》都以其对"文明"的理解和想象来与时代对话,前者认同于西方现代性的文明观,为中国设计、想象了一条通过自身主动的"文明化"来免于灭亡的途径;后者则延续了传统德本论的文明观,向往一种德力兼胜、始终由道德来统摄一切的"真文明",并以此来超越现代西方文明中的力本论倾向。这两种对于文明的理解和想象都存在着各自的洞见和盲区,由此可以启发我们将文明作为一种未完成的目标而非已固化的现实来进行重新理解和思考。
[Abstract]:A great change of modern literature differs from traditional literature is the change of its intrinsic cultural values.The first spring tide of the change of modern values was the rise of the theory of civilization, which aimed at western civilization. It subverted the Chinese people's understanding and judgment of "civilization" and "barbarism" in the past.It has changed the Chinese people's self-orientation and the basic way of looking at the world. Both the Prophecy of Partition of misfortunes and the New Stone talk with the times with their understanding and imagination of civilization. The former agrees with the civilization view of Western modernity.Designed for China, imagine a way to avoid extinction through its own initiative of "civilisation", which, on the other hand, perpetuates the traditional view of civilization based on virtue, yearning for a virtue as well as victory.Morality always dominates all "true civilization" and surmounts the tendency of power theory in modern western civilization.These two kinds of understanding and imagination of civilization have their own insights and blind areas, which can inspire us to re-understand and think about civilization as an unfinished goal rather than a solidified reality.
【作者单位】：南开大学文学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学基金项目“清末民初文学嬗变中的代际关系与文化转型”(13YJA751014)
【分类号】：I207.41

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