叙事学视野下的《庄子》寓言研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 14:36

本文选题：庄子寓言 + 叙事学　；参考：《青海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《庄子》是一部具有深邃玄妙思想的哲学著作,虽然并非致力于文学艺术魅力的创造,但《庄子》仍具有极高的文学艺术成就,在先秦文学乃至中国文学史上都具有不可忽视的地位。书中诸多想象奇妙、寓意深刻的寓言更是我国古典文学中的瑰宝。《庄子》寓言已经具备人物、情节等叙事要素,是我国传统叙事文学的重要部分。然而相对于成果颇丰的先秦时期史传文学的叙事研究,《庄子》寓言的叙事研究尚不充分。本文以叙事学理论对《庄子》寓言进行分析,以探析《庄子》寓言在叙事上的一些特点,以及这种叙事上的特点在表达文章主旨过程中发挥的作用。本文第一部分为绪论,简要说明研究缘起;对《庄子》寓言的概念进行界定,阐明《庄子》书中寓言所指并非后世文体学意义上的寓言;对运用叙事学原理研究《庄子》寓言的现状进行梳理。第二部分首先对《庄子》寓言的概念“藉外论之”和寓言在三言中的表达——“以寓言为广”进行论述,阐明寓言在《庄子》中的主导地位。寓言在庄子阐道过程中的表达作用十分重要,而庄子寓言的叙事特征在其表达思想、阐释道理的过程中也起到重要作用。其次将《庄子》中的寓言根据其叙事性是否明显,是否具有完整的故事情节和清晰独立的寓意分为准寓言、具备一定故事性的寓言和寓言故事三类。并将这些寓言按照叙事学对叙事的界定进一部分为了陈述性寓言和叙事性寓言。第三部分论述寓言中的人物形象。首先对人物形象进行分类,分为神鬼的形象、人的形象和物的形象。其中人的形象一类又分为历史人物形象、能工巧匠形象、畸人形象,由于庄子本人形象有一定的特殊性,所以单独列出,与其他三类并列。其次运用叙事学理论中的功能型人物观来分析,说明虽然寓言中有一些塑造的性格鲜明的形象,但是所有的形象最主要的作用都是为了阐“道”这个最终宗旨而服务的,具有典型的功能型形象。并根据形象的功能,分为闻道者与释道者、体道者与悖道者、辩道者五类,并说明其各自在寓言中发挥的作用。第四部分以寓言故事为目标,分别从叙事节奏、叙事者类型、叙事视角等方面运用叙事学理论探讨了庄子寓言的叙事策略。第三节阐明了寓言所采用的不可靠叙述策略。最后结语是对全文的总结。本文以叙事学理论为理论指导,以叙事学的视野研究庄子寓言,争取部分揭示庄子寓言所具有的叙事特征在表达道学主旨的过程中所发挥的作用。
[Abstract]:Zhuangzi is a philosophical work with profound and mysterious thoughts. Although it is not devoted to the creation of literary and artistic charm, Zhuangzi still has very high literary and artistic achievements. In pre-Qin literature and even in the history of Chinese literature has a position that can not be ignored. The fables in the book are also the gems in the classical literature of our country. The fable of Zhuangzi already has the narrative elements such as characters and plot, which is an important part of the traditional narrative literature of our country. However, the narrative study of Zhuangzi fable is not sufficient compared with the narrative study of the historical biography literature in the pre-Qin period. Based on the theory of narratology, this paper analyzes the fable of Zhuangzi, in order to explore some characteristics of the fable in the narrative, and the function of this narrative in the process of expressing the main theme of the article. The first part of this paper is an introduction, which briefly explains the origin of the study, defines the concept of fables in Zhuangzi, and clarifies that fables in Zhuangzi are not fables in the sense of stylistics of later generations. To use narratology principle to study "Zhuangzi" the fable present situation carries on the comb. The second part first discusses the concept of "Zhuangzi" fable and the expression of fable in three words-"Fable as wide", and clarifies the dominant position of fable in Zhuangzi. The expression of fable is very important in the process of Zhuangzi's interpretation, and the narrative characteristics of Zhuangzi's fable also play an important role in the process of expressing his thoughts and explaining the truth. Secondly, the fables in Zhuangzi are classified into quasi-fables, fables and fables of a certain nature according to whether they are obvious in narrative, whether they have complete story plot and clear and independent moral. According to narratology's definition of narrative, these fables are partly for declarative fables and narrative fables. The third part discusses the figures in the fable. First of all, the image of the characters are classified into the image of gods and ghosts, the image of people and the image of things. The image of human being is divided into historical figure image, craftsman image and grotesque person image. Because of the particularity of Zhuangzi's own image, it is listed separately and juxtaposed with the other three categories. Secondly, using the functional character view in narratology theory to analyze, it shows that although there are some vivid characters in the fable, the most important function of all the images is to serve the ultimate purpose of "Tao". Has a typical functional image. According to the function of image, it can be divided into five categories: the evangelist and the evangelist, the body and the disobedient, the speaker, and the role they play in the fable. The fourth part discusses the narrative strategy of Zhuangzi's fable from the aspects of narrative rhythm, narrator type, narrative angle and so on. Section three illustrates the unreliable narrative strategies used in fables. The final conclusion is a summary of the full text. Based on the theory of narratology, this paper studies Zhuangzi's fables from the perspective of narratology, and tries to reveal in part the role of the narrative characteristics of Zhuangzi's fables in the process of expressing the purport of Taoism.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.7

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