没有足够的爱去克服两个世界的鸿沟——从张爱玲的母女书写看“五四”之后个人主义女性的伦理困境

发布时间：2018-07-07 21:50

本文选题：母女书写 + 个人主义女性　；参考：《学术研究》2017年08期

【摘要】：张爱玲的母女书写,始于1941年的《天才梦》,止于1994年的《对照记》,是她文学演绎重要的展开面。张氏母女同行于1920—1950年代,那是"五四"之后中国伦理纲常崩败,又经历两场战争以及政权更迭的30多年。作为追求自由独立的两代女性,她们经历了离家出走、确立个人主义边界、重新处理家庭关系以及最终自成"孤岛"的过程。在张家两代不同的女性出走者中,女儿仿效母亲的"出走",自立方式却迥异。作为书写者的女儿,张爱玲以母为镜,以"女儿"为视点,以女儿际遇及其成长历程为中介,透视母亲的一生;其叙述视角也不断变化——对母亲先是仰视,次是平视,后是审视,最终以清算了结母女维系。从恋母、审母到弑母的蜕变,显示"五四"之后两代知识女性相生相克的宿命,揭示了个人主义女性的感情黑暗、伦理溃败及其难以救赎的生存困境。历来研究者多注意张爱玲的割断父系脐带,殊不知,较之于"弑父","弑母"更是张爱玲一项艰难、决绝而意味深长的自我完成。
[Abstract]:Zhang Ailing's mother-daughter writing, which began in 1941 in the Dream of Genius and ended in 1994, is an important part of her literary interpretation. Zhang's mother and daughter in the 1920s and 1950s, after the "May 4th" Chinese ethics collapse, and two wars and regime change more than 30 years. As two generations of women seeking freedom and independence, they have gone through the process of running away from home, establishing individualistic boundaries, reprocessing family relations and finally becoming "isolated islands". Among Zhang's two generations of female runaways, her daughter emulated her mother's departure, but her way of independence was quite different. As the daughter of the writer, Zhang Ailing takes the mother as the mirror, the "daughter" as the point of view, the daughter's fate and her growth course as the intermediary, and his narrative perspective is constantly changing-first looking up at the mother, then looking up to the mother. Then there is the examination, and the final settlement of the mother and daughter. The transformation from mother-love to mother-killer shows the fate of two generations of intellectual women after the May 4th Movement, and reveals the dark feelings of individualistic women, the ethical debacle and the difficult plight of survival. Researchers have always paid more attention to the cut off of Zhang Ailing's paternal umbilical cord, but I do not know that compared with "patricide", "mother killing" is a difficult, determined and meaningful self-completion of Zhang Ailing.
【作者单位】：华南师范大学文学院;
【分类号】：I207.42

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