《今天》（1978-1980）：从作品意象到主体形象

发布时间：2019-03-08 21:08

【摘要】：1978年12月23日北岛、芒克、黄锐、陆焕兴等人创办的《今天》在文学史上已成为一个系统符号,《今天》以其“异质性”姿态开辟了新时期文艺创作的新方向。《今天》作为一个民间刊物,同时是一个文学艺术团体,其内容除了发行刊物《今天》以外,还包括举行文学作品讨论会,诗歌朗诵会,创办“星星美展”等。论文从《今天》的团体性定位出发,一是从诗歌与绘画的“意象”出发还原《今天》团体的精神气质；二是从艺术本体出发来对《今天》团体的艺术形式进行探讨,论证其自身的“先锋性”所在,名副其实的回归“史”的定位和“史”的价值；三是通过艺术形式的研究来探讨《今天》和“星星”创作者的创作心理,并由此建构《今天》的主体形象。论文安排两章。第一章：主要是对《今天》与“星星”两者的诗歌与绘画艺术创作进行尽可能全面穷尽的意象提取,并将提取的意象做归纳性分类论述,分别是天空意象符号系列,大地意象符号系列和历史文化意象符号系列。据此,第一章安排三节：第一节“天空”意象系列以“天空”、“太阳”以及太阳意象群中的“星星”、“月亮”、“黎明”为论述对象；第二节“大地”意象系列以“大地”、“海洋”、“波浪”、“船”为论述对象；第三节历史文化意象系列以“圆明园”、“长城”为论述对象。通过意象的论述,探究《今天》与“星星”这些先锋艺术家创作中所开拓的新空间。在分类论述中,以天空、大地、历史等意象为切入点的分析阐释过程中,基本上都能够形成一个纵深式的脉络。这个纵深方向便是艺术的本体性回归和个人的主体性回归。在每个典型意象的归类分析中,可以看到上世纪《今天》年代群体内部的不同层次,以此来论证其先锋性、现代性的指向。第二章：探究作品意象背后的主体形象,以此来进一步探讨《今天》团体的丰富性。从意象呈现深入到主体形象的实质性分析上,从中看到创作者们对生命体验和生存处境不同层次的观照和审视。这种不同层次的审视背后又与主体的自觉程度和现实的处境所具有的联系。与第一章的行文思路和脉络相照应,第二章主要安排三节,第一节：在共名性和群体性之间,以江河、杨炼等为代表,从共名性主体指向和群体性主体指向两个维度进行论述：第二节：在群体性和个体性之间,以北岛、芒克等为代表,从向外寻找自我的指向和向内建构自我的指向两个维度来探讨；第三节是个体性主体的确立,以田晓青、多多为代表。《今天》的创作在中国当代文学史上具有革命性的意义。本文从整体出发,尽可能地发掘《今天》所包含的多种元素,在回归其现场丰富性的同时阐明它所达到的文学艺术高度。
[Abstract]:On December 23, 1978, Northern Island, Munk, Huang Rui, Lu Huanxing and others founded Today, which has become a systematic symbol in the history of literature. "Today" has opened up a new direction for literary and artistic creation in the new era with its "heterogeneity" attitude. As a folk publication, "Today" is also a literary and artistic organization whose contents are in addition to the publication "Today". It also includes the holding of literary seminars, poetry recitation, the creation of Star Art Exhibition, and so on. The thesis starts from the group orientation of "Today", one is to restore the spiritual temperament of "Today" from the "image" of poetry and painting; Secondly, from the point of view of artistic Noumenon, this paper probes into the artistic form of "Today" group, and demonstrates its own "vanguard", which is worthy of returning to the orientation of "History" and the value of "History". The third is to explore the creative psychology of the creators of "Today" and "Star" through the study of artistic forms, and thus to construct the subjective image of "Today". The thesis consists of two chapters. The first chapter is mainly on the poetry and painting artistic creation of "Today" and "Star" to extract the images as completely as possible, and classify the extracted images as inductive classification, respectively, which are the series of sky image symbols, which are divided into two parts: the sky image symbol series, and the sky image symbol series. Earth image symbol series and historical and cultural image symbol series. According to this, the first chapter arranges three sections: the first section "sky" image series takes "sky", "sun" and "stars", "moon" and "dawn" as the object of discussion in "sky", "sun", "star", "moon" and "dawn" in the sun image group; The second section of the "earth" image series "earth", "ocean", "waves", "boat" as the object of discussion; the third section of the historical and cultural imagery series of "Old Summer Palace", "the Great Wall" as the object of discussion. Through the discussion of images, this paper explores the new space opened up by pioneer artists such as "Today" and "Star". In the discussion of classification, in the process of analyzing and explaining the images such as sky, earth, history and so on, it is possible to form a deep-seated vein. This in-depth direction is the return of the essence of art and the return of individual subjectivity. In the classification and analysis of each typical image, we can see the different levels within the group in the last century (today), so as to prove its vanguard and the direction of modernity. Chapter two: probe into the subject image behind the image of the works, so as to further explore the richness of the group. From the image presentation to the substantive analysis of the main image, we can see that the creators have considered and examined the different levels of life experience and survival situation. The relationship between this different level of examination and the consciousness of the subject and the reality of the situation. The second chapter mainly arranges three sections, the first section: between the commonality and the group, represented by the river, Yang Lian, and so on. From the common subject direction and the group subject pointing to two dimensions: the second section: between the group and the individual, the North Island, Munk and so on as the representative, the second section: between the group and the individual, represented by the North Island, Munk, and so on. It is discussed from two dimensions: looking for the direction of self outward and constructing the direction of self inwardly. The third section is the establishment of the individual subject, represented by Tian Xiaoqing and Duoduo. The creation of "Today" is of revolutionary significance in the history of contemporary Chinese literature. From the whole point of view, this paper explores the various elements contained in "Today" as far as possible, and clarifies the literary and artistic heights it has reached while returning to its field richness.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I206.7-5

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