论新世纪小说的图像转向

发布时间：2019-06-05 08:55

【摘要】：近年来,“新世纪文学”一词成为被学界广泛使用把握中国文学从上个世纪末以来所发生的断裂性转向的文学史界定的概念。而在笔者看来,“新世纪小说”作为一种全新的书写方式与存在形态进入当代文学史,与整个中国在20世纪末进入到一种图像化语境密不可分。“新世纪”文学的“新”在于一种图像化经验的进入,于是新世纪文学的图像转向特别是“新世纪小说”的图像转向就成为理解新世纪文学的特征、机制、存在形态的一种重要视角。新世纪小说图像转向所呈现出来的能被我们直观感受到的外部特征,主要表现为三点:一是呈现形态,从文字独白到语图互文。现代小说的存在形态虽然有以插图本形式存在的作品,但是在图像与文字之间的关系中,文字是占主导地位的,图像只是对文字的补充。在近年的某些小说中,图像开始占据主导性。二是写作资源,从直接经验到间接经验。传统小说的资源更多的是依据作家的亲身经历与生活积累;而在图像化时代,小说的资源更多来自被各种媒介所传播的符号与图像、图像的跨地域流动以及电影、电视、电脑游戏、互联网等等。三是媒介环境,从纸媒写作到屏幕写作。传统小说依托于纸质媒介,并带有较强的书面文化特点;而新世纪的小说更多地依托于各种新媒体所形成的媒介环境,具有与这种新的媒介环境相适应的电子文化特征。新世纪小说图像转向在文本内部的表现主要体现在:叙述模式上从时间叙事到空间叙事。传统小说注重小说情节在时间上的展开,注重时间线性逻辑的完整和严密;而图像时代的部分小说则更注重场景化的叙述,在时间、空间上表现出较大的跳跃性,甚至以穿越小说的形式消解了那种线性的自然时间逻辑。其表征逻辑表现在从意象到拟象、从写实到虚拟、从隐喻到呈现。其主题设置是从精英到世俗、从观念到身体、从思想表达到欲望诉求。就叙事方式和感官认知而言,新世纪小说不仅是范式的变化,更是理念的变化,甚至是文化逻辑上深入研究的变化。接受效果从可读到可看、从韵味到震惊。风格特征:从深度模式到奇观化、平面化和非历史化。图像文化的勃兴给文学带来了前所未有的发展契机,文学从生产方式、审美样式到运作模式都发生了巨大的改变。对现有的文学阐释理论的不足进行思考,对新世纪小说图像转向的后果进行反思,对新世纪小说图像转向的未来趋势进行探讨。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the term "new century literature" has become a concept widely used by scholars to grasp the broken turn of Chinese literature since the end of the last century. In the author's view, the novel of the New Century, as a new way of writing and the form of existence, has entered the history of contemporary literature, which is closely related to the entry of the whole China into an picturesque context at the end of the 20th century. The "new" of "new century" literature lies in the entry of a kind of graphic experience, so the image turn of new century literature, especially the image turn of "new century novel", has become the characteristic and mechanism of understanding new century literature. An important perspective on the form of existence. The external features that can be felt intuitively by the image turn of the novel in the new century are mainly manifested in three points: first, the presentation form, from monologue to intertextuality. Although the existing form of modern novels exists in the form of illustrative works, characters are dominant in the relationship between images and characters, and images are only a supplement to characters. In some novels in recent years, images have begun to dominate. The second is writing resources, from direct experience to indirect experience. The resources of traditional novels are more based on the writer's personal experience and life accumulation. In the age of visualization, the resources of the novel come from the symbols and images spread by various media, the cross-regional flow of images, as well as movies, television, computer games, the Internet and so on. The third is the media environment, from paper writing to screen writing. Traditional novels rely on paper media and have strong written cultural characteristics, while novels in the new century rely more on the media environment formed by various new media and have the characteristics of electronic culture suitable for this new media environment. The image turn of the novel in the new century is mainly reflected in the narrative mode from time narration to spatial narration. The traditional novel pays attention to the development of the plot of the novel in time and the integrity and rigour of the linear logic of time. However, some novels in the image age pay more attention to the scene narration, showing great jump in time and space, and even dispelling the linear natural time logic in the form of traversing novels. Its representation logic is manifested from image to quasi-image, from realism to virtual, from metaphor to presentation. Its theme setting is from elite to worldly, from concept to body, from thought table to desire demand. As far as narrative mode and sensory cognition are concerned, novels in the new century are not only the change of paradigm, but also the change of idea, and even the change of cultural logic. Accept the effect from readable to visible, from charm to shock. Style features: from depth model to singularity, planarization and non-history. The prosperity of image culture has brought unprecedented opportunities for the development of literature. Great changes have taken place in literature from the mode of production, aesthetic style to operation mode. This paper thinks about the shortcomings of the existing literary interpretation theory, reflects on the consequences of the novel image turn in the new century, and probes into the future trend of the novel image turn in the new century.
【学位授予单位】：吉首大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I207.42

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