“四君子”绘画题材研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 06:34

【摘要】：在诸多的绘画题材中,文人在书画创作时往往选择一些能够代表其高尚品德的事物。中国花鸟画创作有别于西方绘画,在创作时,会根据表现题材的自然属性,用赋比兴的手法赋予对象以象征含义,最后采用艺术夸张的方式来表现作者所思所想。“四君子”题材恰好契合了文人独立的人格和清逸的精神追求,因而也就成了最受文人雅士们亲睐的题材。梅兰竹菊结构简单,容易掌握,适合入画,也就成了经久不衰的表现题材,相关的研究成果也较丰富,然而大多只是简单论述,并没有形成系统的理论体系。就“四君子”题材的绘画实践而言,当下更显得沉寂落寞,笔者认为有必要将该题材的画论画史进行整理归纳。本论文将从“四君子”的绘画历史,代表性画家的表现形式及艺术语言风格,以及各题材的历代绘画论著等几个方面,来系统归纳研究该题材的形成演化过程及绘画史上的地位,进而分析梅兰竹菊题材的人文意涵。唐朝之前,四君子题材仍属于萌芽阶段,所见作品并不成熟。由于文人士大夫阶层的不断扩大,四君子题材受到推崇,在唐宋时期得以迅速发展。发展到明清时期,该题材已经得到画家们的极力推崇,留下众多的优秀作品,并发展到一定的高峰。该题材的成熟表现在以下几点：一、笔墨,每个画家都在独特笔墨语言中注入自身精神内涵；二、构图形式,代表性画家绘制的梅兰竹菊题材,都有着自己独特的构图样式。梅兰竹菊题材发展至今,在西方艺术思潮的冲击和时人审美观念的转变中已经逐渐式微,如何将传统文人画题材中的“梅兰竹菊”适应现代审美取向是一个亟待研究的问题。
[Abstract]:In many painting subjects, the literati often choose something which can represent their noble character in painting and calligraphy creation. The creation of Chinese flower and bird painting is different from western painting. In the process of creation, according to the natural attribute of the subject matter, the object is endowed with symbolic meaning by the method of Fu Bixing, and the author's thoughts and thoughts are expressed in the form of artistic exaggeration. The theme of "four Gentlemen" coincides with the independent personality of literati and the spiritual pursuit of Qingyi. Meilan bamboo chrysanthemum has a simple structure, easy to grasp, suitable for painting, it has become a long-lasting performance theme, related research results are also relatively rich, but most of them are simply discussed, and do not form a systematic theoretical system. As far as the painting practice of "four Gentlemen" is concerned, it is more silent and lonely at present. The author thinks that it is necessary to sort out the painting history of this subject. This thesis will focus on the painting history of the "four Gentlemen", the expression form and artistic language style of the representative painters, as well as the painting works of the past dynasties on various subjects, etc. To systematically study the formation and evolution of the subject and the position in the history of painting, and then analyze the cultural implications of the theme of Meilan bamboo and chrysanthemum. Before the Tang Dynasty, the subject matter of the four Gentlemen was still in its infancy, and the works it had seen were not mature. Due to the expansion of literati and officials, the subject matter of the four Gentlemen was highly praised and developed rapidly in the Tang and Song dynasties. By the Ming and Qing dynasties, the subject had been highly praised by painters, leaving many excellent works, and developed to a certain peak. The maturity of the subject is shown in the following aspects: first, each painter injects his own spiritual connotation into the unique language of pen and ink; second, the composition form, the representative painter draws the theme of Mei Lan bamboo and chrysanthemum, all have their own unique composition style. So far, the theme of Mei Lan bamboo and chrysanthemum has gradually declined in the impact of western artistic trend of thought and the change of people's aesthetic concept. How to adapt the "Meilan bamboo chrysanthemum" in the traditional literati painting subject matter to the modern aesthetic orientation is an urgent problem to be studied.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J212

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