美在自由情感——一种新型美学观的构建

发布时间：2018-03-02 07:27

本文关键词： 真善美自由情感主客体互作　出处：《理论学刊》2009年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：哲学史上将真善美放置在一起来比较,这种思维模式存在着逻辑上的错误,故真善美三者统一的说法需要在学理上正本清源。首先,美的现象是一种完全的生命现象,也就是说美只存在于鲜活的生命个体,对于死者、不存在者或者其他一切无生命现象的客体谈美是没有任何意义的。其次,美的现象是一种生命现象中的特殊情感活动,在这种特殊的情感活动中,生命体能够从心理和生理上切身体验到一种高度自由愉悦的纯粹情感。再次,美的现象是一种由情感主体、情感客体和情境三种要素组成的有机系统,其中失却任何一种要素的参与,美都会荡然无存。美不是独立存在的自由王国,即美不具有客观实在性;审美主体不具有特殊性,即任何具有完全生命能力的人只要存在着审美情境都可以成为审美主体。审美客体不具有共同的属性,任何一个客体都存在着成为审美客体的潜能,即在一定的审美情境下都有可能引发主体产生美感。美是抽象的概念,无法比较测量;但美感是具体的,这就意味着美感既是可以分类的,又是可以测量的,我们不妨用"美感指数"来表征美感的强度。
[Abstract]:The history of philosophy compares the true, the good and the beautiful. There is a logical error in this mode of thinking, so the unity of the truth, the good and the beauty needs to be thoroughly rooted in theory. First of all, the phenomenon of beauty is a complete phenomenon of life. That is to say, beauty exists only in living individuals, and there is no point in talking about beauty to the dead, the non-existent, or all other objects of inanimate phenomena. Secondly, the phenomenon of beauty is a special emotional activity in the phenomenon of life. In this special emotional activity, life can experience a highly free and joyful pure emotion psychologically and physically. Again, the phenomenon of beauty is a kind of emotional subject. There is no beauty in the organic system composed of three elements: emotional object and situation, in which any element is lost. Beauty is not an independent free kingdom, that is, beauty does not have objective reality, and aesthetic subject has no particularity. That is, any person with full life ability can be an aesthetic subject as long as there is an aesthetic situation. The aesthetic object does not have a common attribute, and any object has the potential to become an aesthetic object. Beauty is an abstract concept that cannot be compared and measured, but aesthetic feeling is concrete, which means that aesthetic sense is both classifiable and measurable. We might as well use the "aesthetic index" to characterize the intensity of aesthetic feeling.
【作者单位】：山东师范大学传播学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“数字艺术哲学”(项目编号:09B2X060)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：B83-09

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