人性的堕落与拯救

发布时间：2018-03-08 21:05

本文选题：席勒　切入点：王国维　出处：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今世界已步入全球化时代，这必然造成中西文化的交流与碰撞。这种现象也引起了美学领域发生了深刻地变化。这必然导致不同美学体系之间的多元并存及其思想的相互吸收与创新。在此时代背景下，对席勒和王国维的美育思想比较研究就彰显了其必要性。西方伟大的美育思想家席勒，把美育的作用和地位提到了前所未有的高度，他的美育思想影响着全世界；而王国维不管是在美育理论的广度还是深度上，都可以垂范后人。二者的美育思想，在美育背景、美育途径、美育目标、美育的现实结果等方面既有相同之处，同时也存有很大差异。本文着重就这些方面进行了深入系统地分析与比较。席勒和王国维面对时代困境极力寻找解决问题的出路，他们不约而同地都选择了美育而不是寻求政治手段来对现实和人性堕落进行救赎。在他们美育思想的构想中，其美育思想也出现了同异交错的特点。在美育思想背景方面：本文着重就美育思想形成的社会历史背景进行了深入地论述，突出席勒和王国维救赎现实的目的。同时，席勒和王国维的美育思想都深受康德哲学与美学的影响，都蕴含着现代性的诉求。他们的美育观点大多是以康德的理论为依据，本文就理论的继承与创新方面进行分析与阐释。就现代性诉求方面而言，席勒以独特的视角对由于近代工业文明的发展造成的异化现象进行控诉与批判，开启了对资本主义现代性进行审美批判的先河。王国维对德国美学思想的引进与传播和注重人性启蒙问题，使中国的审美思想发生了现代性的转换。在美育思想内容方面的比较：着重就美育思想建构的出发点、途径、目标及最终结果进行了比较分析，，从而明晰中西美育理论在发展过程中交融与碰撞的轨迹，找出二者美育的共同性与差异性，以便更好地指导我们当代的美育建设。之后，就美育思想比较进行反思，使我们明确当今人们的生存困境，明晰了美育比较的意义。伴随着社会的进步和科技的快速发展，人们已将自己肢解成为千疮百孔的人，人、社会和教育的异化现象比席勒、王国维时代更突出。在这个任工具理性宰割的世界里，人被异化成整体中一个个孤零零的碎片。教育为了满足社会的需要，也偏离了培养健全人格的轨道。面对当今人类的生存困境和人性的分裂与扭曲，我们也越来越意识到美育的重要性。所以，通过对席勒和王国维美育思想的比较，我们对和谐与自由的尽善尽美的理想境界充满了向往。毋庸置疑，在当今社会，他们的美育思想仍有其不可忽视的现实意义。
[Abstract]:The world has entered an era of globalization. This will inevitably lead to the exchange and collision of Chinese and Western cultures, which has also caused profound changes in the field of aesthetics, which will inevitably lead to the coexistence of pluralism among different aesthetic systems and the mutual absorption and innovation of their ideas. The comparative study of Schiller's and Wang Guowei's aesthetic education thought shows its necessity. Schiller, a great western aesthetic education thinker, raised the role and status of aesthetic education to an unprecedented height, and his aesthetic education thought influenced the whole world. And Wang Guowei, whether in the breadth or depth of aesthetic education theory, can set a standard for later generations. Their aesthetic education ideas have some similarities in aesthetic education background, aesthetic education approaches, aesthetic education goals, and the realistic results of aesthetic education, and so on. At the same time, there are also great differences. This paper focuses on the in-depth and systematic analysis and comparison of these aspects. Faced with the predicament of the times, Schiller and Wang Guowei tried their best to find a solution to the problem. They all chose aesthetic education instead of political means to redeem the reality and the depravity of human nature. In the aspect of aesthetic education ideological background, this paper focuses on the social and historical background of aesthetic education thought formation, highlighting the purpose of the redeeming reality of Schiller and Wang Guowei. Both Schiller and Wang Guowei's aesthetic education thoughts are deeply influenced by Kant's philosophy and aesthetics and contain the demands of modernity. Most of their aesthetic education views are based on Kant's theory. This paper analyzes and explains the inheritance and innovation of theory. In terms of the demands of modernity, Schiller accuses and criticizes the alienation phenomenon caused by the development of modern industrial civilization from a unique angle of view. Wang Guowei's introduction and dissemination of German aesthetic thought and his attention to the enlightenment of human nature, The comparison in the content of aesthetic education thought: the starting point, the way, the goal and the final result of the aesthetic education thought construction. In order to better guide our contemporary aesthetic education construction, we can make clear the track of blending and collision between Chinese and Western aesthetic education theory in the process of development, and find out the commonality and difference between them in order to guide our contemporary aesthetic education construction. After that, we reflect on the comparison of aesthetic education thoughts, so that we can make clear the plight of people's existence and the significance of aesthetic education comparison. With the progress of society and the rapid development of science and technology, people have dismembered themselves into people with numerous problems. The alienation of man, society and education is more prominent than that of Schiller and Wang Guowei. In this world of rational manipulation, people are alienated into isolated fragments of the whole. Education is to meet the needs of society. In the face of the plight of human existence and the division and distortion of human nature, we are becoming more and more aware of the importance of aesthetic education. Therefore, through the comparison of Schiller's and Wang Guowei's thoughts on aesthetic education, We are full of yearning for the perfect ideal state of harmony and freedom.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B83-0

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