孔子与老子文学思想比较

发布时间：2018-05-11 02:31

本文选题：孔子 + 老子　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：孔子与老子是先秦诸子中儒、道两家思想的最具代表者，，其思想中的文学观念共同奠定了我国古代文学的基础。将他们的文学思想进行比较研究，具有重要的学术价值。本文主要从发生背景、文艺观、美学思想三个方面对孔子与老子的文学思想进行比较。第一章论述孔子与老子文学思想的发生背景。同样面对动荡的时代，孔子与老子都积极为救世寻求出路，不同的是孔子希望走“德礼”治国之路，而老子希望走“无为而治”之路。他们选择道路的不同，源自于他们不同的哲学基础。孔子推崇“仁、礼”，而老子则强调“道法自然”。第二章比较孔子与老子的文艺观。对于文质关系，孔子强调文质统一，老子则强调重质轻文。对于文学批评标准，孔子推崇中庸的批评标准，而老子推崇“大象无形”的批评标准。对于文学的社会功用，孔子用“兴观群怨”说充分肯定了文学艺术的作用，而老子从人文关怀的角度，批判了文学艺术的作用。第三章比较孔子与老子的美学思想。孔子与老子都对美善进行了论述，孔子强调美善统一，而老子认为美善之间存在矛盾。对于审美标准，孔子看重“仁爱之美”、“中和之美”，而老子看重“本然之美”、“柔弱之美”、“虚静之美”。
[Abstract]:Confucius and Laozi were the most representative of Confucianism and Taoism in the pre-Qin school of thought, and the literary ideas in their thoughts laid the foundation of ancient Chinese literature. It is of great academic value to make a comparative study of their literary thoughts. This paper compares the literary thoughts of Confucius and Laozi from three aspects: the background of occurrence, the view of literature and art, and the thought of aesthetics. The first chapter discusses the background of the literary thoughts of Confucius and Laozi. In the same turbulent times, Confucius and Laozi both actively seek a way out for saving the world. The difference is that Confucius wants to follow the road of "ethics", and Laozi wants to "govern by doing nothing". The difference in their choice of paths stems from their different philosophical foundations. Confucius respected "benevolence, propriety", while Laozi emphasized "Taoism and nature." The second chapter compares Confucius and Laozi's views on literature and art. As for the relationship between literature and quality, Confucius emphasized the unity of literature and quality, while Laozi stressed that quality was less important than text. For literary criticism standards, Confucius praised the mean of criticism standards, while Laozi praised the "elephant invisible" standards of criticism. As for the social function of literature, Confucius fully affirmed the role of literature and art with the theory of "to enjoy the view of the masses", while Laozi criticized the role of literature and art from the angle of humanistic concern. The third chapter compares the aesthetic thoughts of Confucius and Laozi. Both Confucius and Laozi discussed the beauty and goodness. Confucius emphasized the unity of beauty and kindness, while Laozi thought that there was a contradiction between beauty and goodness. For aesthetic standards, Confucius valued the beauty of benevolence and harmony, while Laozi valued the beauty of nature, the beauty of weakness and the beauty of emptiness.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I206.09;B83-092

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