唐代茶道美学

发布时间：2018-07-05 01:26

本文选题：《茶经》 + 茶道　；参考：《西北师大学报(社会科学版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：唐代诞生了中国乃至世界第一部茶文化专著——陆羽的《茶经》。它兼具道与器、形上与形下、实用与文化、工具与理性等认知功能,涉及地理学、气象学、栽培学、土壤学、营养学甚至文学、美学等多种领域。唐代茶界还第一次提出了"茶道"的文化、美学范畴,它所体现的文化、美学内涵十分丰富,标识了中唐人对茶的体认的飞跃和提升,超越实存,进入精神层面。唐代茶文化、茶美学及其文字承载,生动地体现了生理快感和心理快感及其转化的经验现象,为现代审美学提供了历史的实证依据。茶文化群体由三部分人所构成:上层统治集团、士大夫文人、宗教徒,其中宗教徒所起作用和所作贡献应当充分肯定。中唐选择茶作为文化标志物,绝非偶然。从个人与时代的关系上,从士大夫文人和宗教徒围绕茶的交游及其文学承载上,从茶的系列性采制、煎饮等操作性方式上,其所透溢出的审美情调,表征了典型的中唐风味,跟盛唐气象判然有别。清雅、悠然、精致、精细,浅斟低品,遂成为中唐以降的生活行为方式、审美主旋律和总格调,从观念和形态上对后期的中国美学史产生了深远的影响。
[Abstract]:The Tang Dynasty gave birth to Lu Yu's Tea Classic, the first monographs on tea culture in China and the world. It has the cognitive functions of Tao and apparatus, form and form, utility and culture, tools and rationality, and involves many fields, such as geography, meteorology, cultivation, soil science, nutrition and even literature, aesthetics and so on. The tea circle of Tang Dynasty also put forward the culture and aesthetic category of "tea ceremony" for the first time. It embodies a very rich cultural and aesthetic connotation, which indicates the leap and promotion of the people's understanding of tea in the middle Tang Dynasty, surpassing the reality and entering the spiritual level. Tea culture, tea aesthetics and their characters in Tang Dynasty vividly reflect the experience of physiological and psychological pleasure and their transformation, and provide historical evidence for modern aesthetics. The tea culture group consists of three groups: the upper ruling group, the literati and scholars, and the religious people, among which the role and contribution of the religious people should be fully affirmed. It is no accident that the middle Tang Dynasty chose tea as a cultural symbol. From the perspective of the relationship between the individual and the times, the communication between literati and religious people around tea and its literary bearing, and the operable ways of tea collection and frying, its overflow aesthetic sentiment represents the typical flavor of the middle Tang Dynasty. It is different from the weather in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Elegant, leisurely, exquisite, fine and shallow, it became the way of life, the main aesthetic melody and the overall style of life in the middle Tang Dynasty, which had a profound influence on the later Chinese aesthetic history from the concept and form.
【作者单位】：江苏省社会科学院文学研究所;
【分类号】：B83-092;TS971

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