浅析单簧管的特殊技巧及其在作品中的运用

发布时间：2018-03-15 20:27

本文选题：单簧管　切入点：演奏技巧　出处：《中央音乐学院》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：单簧管的发展史也是单簧管演奏技术的发展史。在单簧管的演奏技术中,有一种特殊技巧,它代表着单簧管演奏技术的发展方向。所谓特殊技巧,就是以传统的单簧管演奏技术为基础,在演奏实践中创新发展出来的新技巧。特殊技巧的内涵不是一成不变的,而是随着音乐的发展和乐器本身的进步不断发展和演变着,反过来又促进音乐的发展和乐器构造技术的进步。当音乐本身需要用新的形式进行表现时,新的演奏技巧就会出现,它往往产生于民间或演奏实践中。目前国际上单簧管的特殊技巧已有很大的发展,而国内着力进行系统研究与实践的似乎并不多。北京2009年第二届国际音乐节单簧管演奏比赛中,美国茱莉亚音乐学院的参赛选手们普遍运用了双吐音和循环呼吸等特殊技巧,使中国以及亚洲选手受到了启迪,我们应该切实加强这方面的探索与研究,并勇于在教学与实践中加以运用,逐步缩小与国际上的差距,推动中国单簧管演奏水平的不断提高。通过这几年的学习和实践,我不断摸索和总结自己的学习体会和演奏经验,将一些特殊技巧运用到演奏实践中,尤其是尝试将小提琴独奏曲目进行改编,用单簧管进行演奏,取得了很好的效果。实践证明,单簧管是一件具有发展前景的乐器,它的音域可以通过特殊技巧被拓展得更宽,从而演奏一些更复杂更绚丽的曲目。本文粗浅地介绍和论述了当今几种比较典型并且运用相对广‘泛的特殊技巧的演奏方法,以及在经典曲目中的运用。共分为六章,先后论述了双吐音,循环呼吸,超高音,打舌与花舌,滑音等,由于双音、三音、多音及微分音在技术上有关联性,因而放在最后一章中分别论述。为便于理解和实践,重要章节均安排了谱例。在结束语中强调,作为职业乐手对于特殊演奏技巧的态度应该是努力掌握而不迷信、积极利用而不炫耀,坚持技术为音乐服务的观点。同时,应该尊重那些孜孜不倦追求新技巧的乐手,因为他们是推动乐器进步和音乐发展的生力军。
[Abstract]:The history of clarinet development is also the history of clarinet playing technology. In the clarinet playing technology, there is a special technique, which represents the development direction of clarinet playing technology. It is based on the traditional clarinet playing technology, and it is a new technique that has been innovated and developed in the practice of playing. The connotation of the special skill is not static, but with the development of music and the progress of the musical instrument itself, it develops and evolves constantly. In turn, it promotes the development of music and the progress of musical instrument construction technology. When the music itself needs to be expressed in a new form, new playing techniques will emerge, which often arise from folk or playing practice. At present, the special technique of clarinet has been greatly developed in the world, but it seems that there are few researches and practices in our country. In the second International Music Festival Clarinet performance Competition held in Beijing in 2009, The contestants at the Juilliard Conservatory of Music in the United States have generally used special techniques such as double breath and circulatory breathing, which have inspired Chinese and Asian players. We should really strengthen our exploration and research in this respect. The author dares to apply it in teaching and practice, gradually narrow the gap with the world, and promote the improvement of Chinese clarinet performance. Through these years of study and practice, I have been groping and summing up my own learning experience and playing experience. I have applied some special skills to my performance practice, especially in trying to adapt the violin solo repertoire and play with the clarinet. The clarinet is proved to be a promising instrument whose range can be broadened by special techniques. This paper briefly introduces and discusses several typical and relatively broad special techniques and their application in the classical repertoire. It is divided into six chapters. In this paper, it is discussed successively that double spit, circulatory breathing, super high tone, tongue playing and floral, slippery tone, etc., due to the technical connection among double tone, triple tone, polyphony and differential sound, they are discussed in the last chapter respectively, in order to facilitate understanding and practice. In the closing remarks, it is emphasized that the attitude of professional musicians towards special performance skills should be an effort to master rather than superstition, to use actively rather than to show off, and to adhere to the view that technology serves music. Musicians who work tirelessly for new techniques should be respected because they are the driving force behind the advancement and development of musical instruments.
【学位授予单位】：中央音乐学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J621.4

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