论西域音乐文化中的龟兹乐

发布时间：2018-03-30 09:20

本文选题：龟兹乐　切入点：西域音乐　出处：《陕西师范大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：西域音乐文化在汉唐时期就已广泛传播于中原大地。以龟兹乐为代表的西域乐舞在中原的传播，使得整个中原文化产生了巨大的影响。并且大大推动了中原文化的变异和发展，在中原文化艺术中占据了重要地位。全文共分三个部分：第一部分，导论。西域地理概念以及西域音乐的传入概况。西域的地理概念有广义、狭义的区别。在不同历史时期，“西域”地域范围不尽相同。西域地理位置及文化特征影响着西域民族。从乐舞的文化属性看，虽有狭义与广义之分，但实际这两者之间有时很难分开。中原与西域的文化艺术交流源远流长，汉代的中西音乐文化交流为中原传统音乐文化的发展奠定了基础。南北朝时大规模的音乐交流，为唐代乐舞的繁荣准备了条件。隋代是唐代乐舞发展的序曲，唐代是中原和西域乐舞艺术大交流、大融合的鼎盛时期。第二部分，龟兹乐舞文化。龟兹地处中西交通要冲，是当时中西文化交融的中转站。龟兹乐舞传入内地，盛行朝野，经久不衰。新疆许多石窟中，保存了丰富的龟兹音乐。龟兹乐与佛教音乐关系密切，佛教文化渗透在龟兹乐中。龟兹音乐家苏祗婆、曹婆罗门、曹妙达等，在中西音乐交流中起着不可估量的作用。《泼寒胡戏》是古代龟兹人民祈求丰年、驱灾灭祸的一种假面狂欢歌舞戏。艺术价值极高的《苏莫遮》歌舞戏画卷，也是龟兹经济繁荣、国势强盛、文化发达的一个缩影。在唐代属于龟兹部的狮子舞由西域传入中原，且其表演具有龟兹乐舞的风格，但其来源未必仅限于龟兹，而应是源于广义上的西域地区。中原盛行狮子舞，是受西域狮子舞影响的结果。由此可见，中华民族的优秀文化，是各族人民共同创造的。西域各少数民族的文化，是我国文化历史长河中重要的组成部分。第三部分，总论。以龟兹乐为代表传入中原的西域乐舞，在中原文化艺术中占据了重要地位。在繁盛的西域乐舞中，龟兹乐最具代表性，是民族风格的集中体现。西域乐舞艺术在中原的盛行，一方面说明中原文化对外来文化的包容功能和博大的吸纳气度；另一方面也显示了西域乐舞艺术本身具有强烈的穿透力和感染力。龟兹独特的地理位置，使其文化多彩繁荣，并且具有普遍意义上的“独特”性。这里的“龟兹乐”，泛指龟兹地方的乐舞，或具有龟兹风格的乐舞。龟兹乐舞之所以能享誉长安，广传中土，这与它善于吸收包括中原文化在内的外来文化，用以滋补和优化自身艺术创造是分不开的。中原与西域音乐文化的交流除皇室和亲外，还通过佛教东传、战争、外交和民间往来等渠道进行。在中原与西域音乐文化的交流中，胡化与汉化是文化艺术等方面的交流融合的重要表征。隋唐时期，上自皇帝，下至黎民，人们的乐舞戏画，衣食住行，都显现出少数民族文化，胡化可谓盛极一时。宫廷乐舞中的坐、立部伎的音乐受龟兹乐的影响也最大。唐代乐舞艺术的高度发展，得益于唐朝的建立。唐代的李氏皇族对于西域音乐有着特殊的偏爱，，统治阶级对乐舞的酷爱与提倡，在一定程度也上促进了乐舞艺术的提高。西域音乐传入中土之后，为了适应汉族的欣赏习惯，而有不断汉化的过程，龟兹乐也是。中原文化以其广阔的胸怀兼收并蓄，融合汉、胡文化于一炉。由此可见，中华民族的文化是各民族文化互相交流、互相学习、互相融合而发展起来的。仁声了
[Abstract]:The western music culture has been widely disseminated in the Central Plains during the period of Han and Tang Dynasty . The spread of the western music and dance , represented by Torazle , has exerted great influence on the whole Central Plains culture , and has greatly promoted the variation and development of the Central Plains culture , and occupies an important position in the traditional Chinese culture art . The whole consists of three parts :

The first part , Introduction , Western geographical concept and the introduction of western music . The geographical concept of western region has broad and narrow distinction . In different historical periods , the geographical scope of western region is different .

In the second part , the music and dance culture of Tora is the center of Chinese and Western culture . It is an important part of China ' s cultural history .

The third part , the general theory , is the music and dance of the western region , which is introduced into the Central Plains , and occupies an important position in the culture and art of the Central Plains . In the flourishing western music and dance , the most representative of the folk style is the central manifestation of the national style .
On the other hand , it also shows that the western music and dance art itself has a strong penetrating power and an infection force .

In order to nourish and optimize the creation of the art of self art is inseparable . The exchange of Central Plains and Western music culture in addition to the royal family and the western region music culture

In addition , it was carried out by means of Buddhism , East , War , Foreign Affairs and Civil Affairs . In Central Plains and Western Regions

In the exchange of culture , Hu Hua and Hanhua are the important representations of the exchange fusion of cultural art and so on . During the Sui and Tang Dynasties ,

From the emperor , the next to the Li Min , people ' s music and dance drama painting , clothing and lodging , all show the culture of ethnic minorities , Hu

It ' s a great time . The music of Kabuki ' s music is also the biggest in the music and dance of the palace , and the Tang Dynasty

The development of music and dance has benefited from the establishment of Tang Dynasty .

The great love of the ruling class to the music and dance , and the promotion of the music and dance art in a certain degree

high . after the western music is introduced into the Chinese soil , in order to adapt to the appreciation habits of the Han people ,

It is also a culture of Central Plains with its broad sense of mind . It combines the Han and Hu culture in a furnace .

It can be seen that the culture of the Chinese nation is the mutual exchange of various ethnic cultures , mutual learning , mutual integration and development

of course .

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【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：J609.2

【引证文献】