勃拉姆斯《d小调钢琴与小提琴奏鸣曲》钢琴演奏分析

发布时间：2018-04-24 20:01

本文选题：室内乐 + 小提琴　；参考：《中央音乐学院》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在整个室内乐的发展过程中,小提琴、钢琴二重奏鸣曲是非常重要的体裁。室内乐发展到古典主义末期,浪漫主义初期,勃拉姆斯成为室内乐作品中贡献最大的重要作曲家的典型代表之一。勃拉姆斯的室内乐作品让我们能够清晰地认识到室内乐艺术的巨大魅力及其在欧洲音乐发展史中的重要地位和推动作用。他的创作对于室内乐创作和演奏的发展历程具有无可厚非的积极意义和卓越贡献。本人通过对钢琴演奏艺术与室内乐的学习,就钢琴演奏艺术在古典主义时期和浪漫主义时期的特点,以勃拉姆斯《d小调小提琴奏鸣曲》(Op.108)为例,分析对其演奏的体会和感悟。勃拉姆斯共创作了3首钢琴与小提琴奏鸣曲,第3首《d小调钢琴与小提琴奏鸣曲》创作于1886-1888年间,是题词献给他的好友汉斯·冯·彪罗的作品,也是他的最后一部钢琴与小提琴奏鸣曲。全曲由四个乐章组成,结构鲜明规模庞大,材料联系紧密,内涵丰富。第一乐章,快板,奏鸣曲式,兼有双三部曲式、回旋曲式,省略展开部。主部主题主要由小提琴来演奏,钢琴声部担任副部主题,音乐素材无论是在旋律或伴奏声部都以变化多样的节奏型呈现,伴奏织体大量的后半拍进入和插入式交替进行,音程和弦的和声也较复杂：第二乐章,富有歌唱性的柔板,省略展开部的奏鸣曲式,抒情性音乐风格特征。主题大多由小提琴演奏,钢琴声部伴奏居多；旋律优美动人,给人以温暖之感；第三乐章,奏鸣曲式,诙谐曲,以跳音动机为主,短小精致的音乐形象。主题在钢琴和小提琴两声部之间穿插进行,钢琴声部以八度跳音、上下行琶音为主要素材,音乐风格跳跃轻快又带有些猜疑不安；第四乐章,激动地急板,回旋奏鸣曲式,气势辉煌规模宏大,带有贝多芬的风格。有力的戏剧性矛盾冲突,角色对比鲜明,统一的六拍子节奏,音型以分解柱式和弦织体为主。钢琴和小提琴在演奏中要把握好不同段落中音乐形象的角色变化。总的来说,勃拉姆斯是浪漫主义时期的古典主义者。在创作上继承了古典主义,发展了浪漫主义,把二者结合的相得益彰。和声方面,变化多样复杂,注重丰富的色彩性；曲式方面,多采用奏鸣曲式,及与传统奏鸣曲式相似的三乐章或四乐章结构；旋律方面,富有深刻动人的抒情性；戏剧性方面,高潮往往出现在乐章的接近结尾处以及末乐章,在热烈的气氛中到达戏剧冲突的最高点。而针对勃拉姆斯创作的特征,我们在演奏时要注意多方面的考虑,比如触键层次的控制,踏板的运用,旋律线条的把握,音乐角色的对比变化等等都需要从整体上做好充分的准备和研究。本文对4个乐章钢琴部分的演奏特点,就如何更好的结合音乐内容与小提琴合作进行了分析,通过在和I声,节奏,调性,演奏风格等方面的研究,并在钢琴与小提琴合作中,结合小提琴音色柔美的特点,钢琴在音色调节控制上进行了尝试。针对作品中钢琴声部的音量平衡控制,很大程度上受到触键方式,踏板运用,对音乐的想象力,触觉和听觉等方面的影响,要想对作品进行更深入的二度创作,就必须区别本作品的特殊性较其他作品的普遍性,深刻理解作品的丰富内涵。本文针对该作品建立在古典主义技巧之上的浪漫主义抒情音乐处理进行了研究和探索。笔者希望通过本文的研究能够让更多的人了解室内乐钢琴与小提琴合作的魅力所在。
[Abstract]:In the course of the development of the whole chamber music, the two ensemble of the violin and the piano is a very important genre. The chamber music has developed to the end of the classicism. In the early romanticism, Brahms became one of the typical representatives of the most important composers in the chamber music works. Brahms's chamber music works let us know clearly. The great charm of the art of chamber music and its important position and role in the history of European music development. His creation has an indisputable positive significance and outstanding contribution to the development of the creation and playing of the chamber music. I have done the piano performance in classicism through the study of the piano and indoor music. The characteristics of the period and the romantic period, taking Brahms's Violin Sonata in Brahms has created 3 Piano and Violin Sonatas, third Generally speaking, Brahms is a classicist in the romanticism period. He inherited the classicism, developed romanticism and combined the two together. In harmony, the changes were complex and rich in color; in the musical style, the sonata was used more, and the three movement or four music similar to the traditional sonata form. Chapter structure; melody, rich and dynamic Lyric; dramatic aspect, the climax often appears at the close end of the movement and the end of the movement, reaching the highest point of the dramatic conflict in a warm atmosphere. For the characteristics of Brahms's creation, we should pay attention to many considerations when playing, such as the control of the level of touching the key, The use of pedal, the grasp of melody lines, the contrast and change of musical roles and so on all need to be fully prepared and studied from the whole.
In this paper, the characteristics of the 4 pieces of the piano part of the music, how to better combine the music content and the violin cooperation is analyzed, through the I sound, rhythm, tonal, playing style and other aspects, and in the piano and violin cooperation, the violin tone of the soft features, the piano in the tone control control has been tried. The volume balance control of the piano sound part in the works is largely influenced by the way of touching the key, the use of the pedal, the influence on the imagination, the touch and the hearing of the music. In order to make a more deep two degree creation to the works, it is necessary to distinguish the universality of the work from the other works and understand the rich connotation of the work deeply. According to the study and exploration of the romantic lyric music treatment based on the classical techniques, the author hopes that more people can understand the charm of the cooperation between the piano and the violin.

【学位授予单位】：中央音乐学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J624.1

【参考文献】