陕北民歌与晋北民歌的比较研究

发布时间：2018-12-23 19:13

【摘要】：陕北与晋北地区隔河相望,都是中原农耕文化与北方草原文化交融的区域。相似的地理环境,历史文化与风俗习惯,以及处于相同的语言区,使得两地民歌在风格特征上有着极大的相似性,但它们又有着各自独特的特点。论文主要从四个方面对陕北与晋北民歌进行了比较研究：第一部分,在历史渊源方面,对两地民歌形成背景做了基本的研究与对比。历史上陕北独特的地理位置,形成了以秦汉文化为主体,融合了北方草原文化的独特文化个性。陕北民歌发展史上另一个重要的发展时期——陕甘宁发展时期在陕北民歌的发展史上起到了举足轻重的作用。晋北民歌是山西民歌中很有特色的一个代表。历史上的战乱与迁移使得这里的文化受到影响,带有一定的文化区域融合性。第二部分,从地理环境,历史文化,生活习俗,语言特点等方面分别对两地民歌进行了比较和分析。同时对两地民歌的音乐内容从音乐种类,主要民歌种类——“信天游”与“山曲”的音乐结构特点,以及唱词内容作了分析与比较。陕北与晋北两地同处于黄土高原,相似的生活环境和生产条件,使两地人们产生了许多相似的生活习惯。两地的历史文化特点都具有一定的民族融合性,人们是多神论者。在众多的信天游与山曲之中,比兴手法的运用是这两种民歌的一大共性特征。山曲的旋律相比信天游旋律来说,更加细腻、内在一些,而信天游表现的更加豪爽、外在。另外陕北与晋北两地分别有着自己独特的民歌唱腔种类,以及音乐特点等。第三部分,分析了陕北与晋北两地民歌对当今民族声乐教学与演唱的启示。将民歌的原生态演唱方法与当今的学院民族声乐教学做了比较分析,以及学院派在民族声乐教学中借鉴原生态民歌的教学现状及研究,并举出实例加以说明。第四部分：主要论述了陕北民歌与晋北民歌的近年来的发展现状与保护现状。最后论述了陕北民歌与晋北民歌原生态性保护传承的意义结论：原生态民歌是我们中华民族声乐的源头所在,只有研究掌握好了我们的根源,当代人所演唱的民族歌曲才会更加生活化,从而为大众所接受,这样我们民族文化的精髓才能被掌握和传承下去。所以研究、保护、发展与传承是摆在我们当今民族声乐工作者面前的一个重要任务。
[Abstract]:North Shaanxi and north Shanxi across the river, are the Central Plains farming culture and northern grassland culture blending region. Similar geographical environment, historical culture, customs and customs, as well as being in the same language area, make the folk songs of both places have great similarity in style, but they have their own unique characteristics. This paper makes a comparative study on the folk songs of Northern Shaanxi and Northern Shanxi from four aspects: the first part, in the historical origin, the background of the formation of folk songs between the two places has been made a basic study and comparison. In history, the unique geographical position of Northern Shaanxi formed the unique cultural personality with Qin and Han culture as the main body and the northern grassland culture as the fusion. Another important period in the history of the development of folk songs in northern Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, played a pivotal role in the history of the development of folk songs in Northern Shaanxi. Shanxi folk songs is a representative of Shanxi folk songs. The history of war and migration has affected the culture here, with a certain integration of cultural regions. In the second part, the author compares and analyzes the folk songs from geographical environment, historical culture, life custom, language characteristics and so on. At the same time, the music content of folk songs in both places is analyzed and compared in terms of the types of music, the main types of folk songs, the musical structure of "Xintian Tour" and "Shan qu", and the content of singing words. Northern Shaanxi and northern Shanxi are in the Loess Plateau, similar living environment and production conditions, so that people in both places have many similar living habits. The historical and cultural characteristics of the two places have a certain ethnic integration, people are polytheists. Among the many Xin Tian you and Shan qu, the use of Bixing technique is a common feature of these two folk songs. The melodies of mountain music are more delicate and inner than those of Tianyou. In addition, Northern Shaanxi and Northern Shanxi have their own unique folk songs, as well as music characteristics. In the third part, the author analyzes the enlightenment of folk songs in Northern Shaanxi and Northern Shanxi to the teaching and singing of national vocal music. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the original singing methods of folk songs and the teaching of national vocal music in colleges and universities, as well as the present situation and research of the teaching of folk songs of the original ecology in the teaching of national vocal music by academicians, and gives an example to illustrate it. The fourth part mainly discusses the development and protection of Northern Shaanxi folk songs and Jinbei folk songs in recent years. Finally, it discusses the significance of protecting and inheriting the original ecology of Shanxi folk songs and Northern Shaanxi folk songs. The original ecological folk songs are the source of vocal music of our Chinese nation. The folk songs sung by the contemporary people will be more alive and accepted by the public, so that the essence of our national culture can be grasped and passed on. Therefore, research, protection, development and inheritance is an important task in front of our national vocal music workers.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J607

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