从《金玉奴》看荀慧生音乐表演美学特征

发布时间：2019-01-02 19:51

【摘要】： 荀慧生是京剧“四大名旦”之一,戏曲表演领域中自辟新境的艺术大师,他是京剧艺术的革新家,无论是传统剧目还是新编剧目,他都不因循守旧,墨守成规,而是要根据自己对人物的理解,予以改造和加工,使人物形象丰满而有新意。他在京剧程式化表演的基础上引进融入了大量生活化的表演,使二者有机而适度地结合起来开辟了程式化、生活化结合的新路,这是符合二十世纪以来中国戏曲发展潮流的。他力图把程式用活,不使表演类型化,着意刻画形神兼备而又个性鲜明的艺术典型。他追求的一种艺术效果是力图消除台上人物和观众之间的隔阂,能让观众感到和剧中人亲密无间。他的风格自然灵活而又不失戏曲传统规范,开阔洒脱而又不失含蓄,神韵飞动而又讲究深度,具有极高的审美价值。本论文的研究采取多角度,多方法上的开拓。将使用音乐美学与民族音乐学、音乐形态学的方法在荀慧生唱腔伴奏方面(音乐本体)、历史背景方面、京剧总体风格体系方面归纳出在京剧审美共性基础上的荀慧生的个性特征,即荀慧生音乐美学特征。本论文从三个层面展开:一、音乐史学方面。通过对相关书籍、资料查阅,对荀慧生艺术经历没有一个明确的分期,对荀慧生艺术经历更多集中在艺术活动的罗列,以以往对荀慧生艺术经历研究为基础,将荀慧生艺术经历给为四个时期——艺术的初始期,艺术的初创期,京剧艺术的成熟期,京剧艺术的晚期。二、音乐形态学方面。对《金玉奴》进行了音乐形态结构图式分析(“图表式音乐结构布局分析”、“图表式唱腔结构分析”)其目的是概括出荀慧生音乐唱腔形态特征。为研究荀慧生音乐表演美学特征提供坚实的基础。三、音乐美学方面。对荀慧生音乐表演美学特征从“韵味”和“传神”两个角度进行作了重新归纳整理和较为深入的研究,并得出了理论成果:韵味美中的:对比统一韵味美和恰当适度韵味美两个特征;传神美中的:意象娇媚传神美和意境清新传神美两个音乐表演美学特征。
[Abstract]:Xun Huisheng is one of the "four famous Dan" of Beijing Opera. He is a master of art in the field of opera performance. He is an innovator of Peking Opera art. Whether it is a traditional repertoire or a new repertoire, he is not conformist and conformist. It is necessary to transform and process the characters according to their understanding of the characters so as to make the characters full and fresh. On the basis of Beijing Opera's stylized performance, he introduced a large number of live performances, which opened up a new way of combining both organically and moderately, which is in line with the development trend of Chinese opera since the 20th century. He tried to use the program not to type the performance, but to portray artistic models with both shapes and spirits and distinct personalities. One of the artistic effects he seeks is to bridge the gap between the characters on stage and the audience, and to make the audience feel close to the person in the play. His style is natural and flexible, without losing the traditional norms of opera, open, free, free and without loss of implicature, rhyme fly and pay attention to depth, which has extremely high aesthetic value. The research of this paper adopts the development of many angles and methods. Will use the music esthetics and the ethomusicology, the music morphology method in Xun Huisheng singing accompaniment aspect (music Noumenon), the historical background aspect, In the aspect of the overall style system of Beijing Opera, the author concludes XunHuisheng's individual characteristics on the basis of aesthetic commonness of Peking Opera, namely Xun Huisheng's musical aesthetic characteristics. This thesis starts from three aspects: first, the aspect of music history. By referring to relevant books and materials, there is no definite stage for Xun Huisheng's artistic experience, and the artistic experience of Xun Huisheng is more concentrated in the list of artistic activities, which is based on the previous research on Xun Huisheng's artistic experience. Xun Huisheng's art experience is divided into four periods: the initial period of art, the initial stage of art, the mature stage of Beijing Opera art, and the late stage of Peking Opera art. Second, the aspect of music morphology. The purpose of this paper is to generalize the morphological features of Xun Huisheng's music by analyzing the schemata of music morphology and structure ("analysis of the layout of musical structure" and "analysis of the structure of singing by chart") in Jinyunu. For the study of Xun Huisheng music performance aesthetic characteristics to provide a solid foundation. Third, the aspect of music aesthetics. The aesthetic characteristics of Xun Huisheng's musical performance are summarized and sorted from the two angles of "charm" and "evoking", and a more in-depth study is made on the aesthetic characteristics of Xun Huisheng's music performance. And has obtained the theory achievement: in the rhyme beauty: contrasts the unified charm beauty and the appropriate moderate rhyme beauty two characteristics; The aesthetic characteristics of musical performance in the beauty of charming imagery and fresh and refreshing artistic conception.
【学位授予单位】：天津音乐学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：J821;J617.1

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