论大提琴演奏中的心理与美感意识

发布时间：2018-12-13 17:18

【摘要】：心理学（英文名称Psychology）一词来源于希腊文，意思是关于灵魂的科学。灵魂在希腊文中也有气体或呼吸的意思，因为古代人们认为生命依赖于呼吸，，呼吸停止，生命就完结了①。随着科学的发展，心理学的对象由灵魂改为心灵。是研究人和动物心理现象发生、发展和行为规律的一门科学。心理学是一门边缘学科，心理学既研究动物的心理（研究动物心理主要是为了深层次地了解、预测人的心理的发生、发展的规律）也研究人的心理，而以人的心理现象为主要研究对象。因此可以说，心理学是研究心理现象和心理规律的一门科学②。心理学含义十分广泛，主要研究涉及知觉、认知、情绪、人格、行为和人际关系等许多领域，也与日常生活的许多领域——家庭、教育、健康等发生关联，存在于人们生活中的方方面面。在音乐演奏中，演奏心理起着非常重要的作用，能否顺利、成功的表现音乐，从而得到观众的喜爱和肯定，演奏心理占有相当的比重。美感是对美的感受或体会。即在审美活动中个体对于美的主观反映、感受、欣赏和评价。人都有不同程度的美感意识和美感能力，但不是天生的，而是在社会实践中产生和发展起来的。不同时代、阶级、民族和地域的人，会有不同的美感意识和经验，就是个人与个人之间也会因文化修养、个性特征等的不同，而形成美感意识的差异性。音乐美学属于美学中的一个分支，而美感意识又是音乐美学中的一部分。美感意识在实际演奏中能够使音乐表现更吸引观众，充分了解音乐的美与审美，能够让观众与演奏者产生更多的共鸣，从而展现出音乐强大的魅力与感染力。大提琴被公认为是最接近人声的乐器之一，演奏者的演奏心理与其他乐器的演奏心理有一定的共性，但是由于这个乐器独有的一些特点，因而在演奏心理和音乐的美感意识中有其特殊性，本文试图在大提琴教学中对这两方面做一些探究。
[Abstract]:The word Psychology comes from Greek, meaning the science of the soul. The soul also means gas or breath in Greek because ancient people thought that life depended on breathing and that breath stopped and life ended 1. With the development of science, the object of psychology changed from soul to soul. It is a science that studies the occurrence, development and behavior of psychological phenomena of human and animal. Psychology is a borderline subject. Psychology studies not only the psychology of animals (the main purpose of studying animal psychology is to understand and predict the occurrence and development of human psychology], but also to study the psychology of human beings. And take the human psychological phenomenon as the main research object. Psychology, therefore, is a science that studies psychological phenomena and laws. The meaning of psychology is very broad. It mainly deals with many fields, such as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior and interpersonal relationship, and it is also related to many fields of daily life-family, education, health, etc. It exists in every aspect of people's life. Playing psychology plays a very important role in music playing, whether it can smoothly and successfully express music, and thus get the audience's love and affirmation, playing psychology occupies a considerable proportion. Beauty is the feeling or experience of beauty. That is, the subjective reflection, feeling, appreciation and evaluation of beauty in aesthetic activities. People have different degrees of aesthetic consciousness and aesthetic ability, but not by nature, but in social practice. People of different ages, classes, nationalities and regions will have different aesthetic consciousness and experience. Music aesthetics belongs to a branch of aesthetics, and aesthetic consciousness is a part of music aesthetics. The aesthetic sense consciousness can make the music performance more attractive to the audience, fully understand the beauty and aesthetics of music, can make the audience and the performer have more resonance, thus showing the powerful charm and appeal of the music. Cello is recognized as one of the closest musical instruments to human voice. The player's psychology of playing is similar to that of other instruments, but because of the unique characteristics of this instrument, Therefore, it has its particularity in the psychology of playing and the aesthetic consciousness of music. This paper attempts to explore these two aspects in the teaching of cello.
【学位授予单位】：西安音乐学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：J622.3

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