Apollo, Dionysus, duality of the sexes, bond of brotherhood

  本文关键词：阿波罗与狄奥尼索斯的关系再思考——从尼采《悲剧的诞生》开篇说起，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

阿波罗与狄奥尼索斯的关系再思考——从尼采《悲剧的诞生》开篇说起

Apollo and Dionysus： The Duality of the Sexes？ Or the Bond of Brotherhood？ --Based on the Outset of Nietzsche＇sThe Birth of Tragedy

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Zhang Hui （Institute of Comparative Literature and Comparative Culture, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China）

北京大学比较文学与比较文化研究所,北京100871

文章摘要：《悲剧的诞生》是尼采第一部公开发表的作品，也是他从古典语文学家向哲学家转变的标志性作品。该书有一个耐人寻味的开篇。该开篇不仅以一组与感性学相关的概念提示了一种不同于亚里士多德与黑格尔美学的思想路径，，而且同时以数个与生殖相关的概念试图告诉我们：阿波罗与狄奥尼索斯之间的二元性，乃是一种比喻意义上的“两性关系”。《悲剧的诞生》按诞生、死亡与再生的内在思想理路可以分为三大部分，而特别值得我们注意的是，尼采在涉及“诞生”的第一部分使用了“两性关系”这个比喻，在涉及“再生”的第三部分则换用了“兄弟联盟”这个与之形成对照的另一个比喻。第一部分的“两性关系”与第三部分的“兄弟联盟”这两组自然关系，恰与第二部分苏格拉底与欧里庇德斯之间的同谋关系形成了鲜明对照。所有这一切，都与尼采对“希腊本质”的整体判断密切相关，与他所概括的现代文化之苏格拉底主义品质密切相关。

Abstr：The Birth of Tragedy is not only the first book openly published by Nietzsche, but also the landmark work of his transformation from a classical philologist to a philosopher. This book has a thought-provoking beginning which presents a pair of concepts about the science of aesthetics to suggest a way of thinking different from Aristotelian and Hegelian aesthetics, and in the meantime through some concepts related to reproduction, tries to reveal that the duality of the Apolline and the Dionysiac is metaphorically the duality of two sexes. The argument of this book falls into three parts in the light of the birth, death and rebirth of the tragedy. What is particularly worth noting is that in the first part Nietzsche uses the metaphor, ＂the duality of the sexes＂, to discuss the birth of tragedy, whereas in the third part be turns to use another metaphor, ＂the bond of brotherhood＂, to discuss the rebirth of tragedy, which stands in stark contrast to the former one. Yet, the above two pairs of natural relationships, namely ＂the duality of the sexes＂ in the first part and ＂the bond of brotherhood＂ in the third part, just form another startling contrast to the confederate relationship of Socrates and Euripides in the second part. All these are intimately closed to Nietzsche＇ s overall judgment on ＂ the essence of Greece＂ as well as his generalization about the Socraticism of modern culture.

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Keyword：:Apollo, Dionysus, duality of the sexes, bond of brotherhood

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  本文关键词：阿波罗与狄奥尼索斯的关系再思考——从尼采《悲剧的诞生》开篇说起，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。