康德美学“无目的的合目的性”研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 14:10

本文选题：康德　切入点：审美判断　出处：《鲁迅美术学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：康德美学鉴赏判断之第三契机“审美应具有无目的的合目的性”以“关系”的方式作为纽带联系其他契机,对鉴赏判断的主体性与目的性提出要求。以愉悦性为目的的审美判断被当作一个审美对象成其之美的根据,不可避免得伴随着某种利害关系,康德将这种审美置于鉴赏判断之外,对审美判断提出无任何主观目的、客观目的性的要求。审美有别于求“真”,美也不是“善”。康德的审美观立足于感性,并区别于认识判断。审美属于感性直观判断,与用理性解析真、善为代表的认识判断有着本质的区别,康德通过论证感性实现自由的可能,为美学的发展构建理论基础,划分出美自身的维度,构建出审美的独立王国,“非认识判断的感性认识”以“无目的的合目的性”为契机,在人的知性领域构建出普遍共通的、可传达的心意状态。从古典到现代,艺术创作的精神从向往永恒的神性走向对此岸世界人性的关怀,从崇尚普遍真理到高扬个体价值;艺术的形式从具象走向抽象,从模仿现实走向表现现实;艺术的内容由赞扬美到表现丑。在流逝着的、浩瀚的历史长河中何以把握其中的本质规律来进行艺术创作与鉴赏,除了进行社会科学的研究之外,在美学理论的方面也要有所依据。康德前承上古哲学,下启现代美学,留下深邃无尽的美学宝藏,在新时代中等待着我们发掘。
[Abstract]:The third chance of Kant's aesthetic appreciation and judgment "Aesthetics should be purposeless and purposeful" uses the way of "relationship" as a link to connect with other opportunities. The subjectivity and purpose of the judgment of appreciation are required. The aesthetic judgment aimed at pleasure is regarded as the basis for the beauty of an aesthetic object, and inevitably accompanied by some kind of interest. Kant puts this kind of aesthetics beyond the judgment of appreciation, and puts forward the request of the aesthetic judgment without any subjective purpose and objective purpose.Aesthetics is different from seeking "truth", and beauty is not "good". Kant's aesthetics is based on sensibility. Aesthetic judgment belongs to perceptual and intuitive judgment, which is essentially different from the cognitive judgment represented by rational analysis of truth and goodness. Kant establishes the theoretical basis for the development of aesthetics by demonstrating the possibility of realizing freedom through sensibility. Dividing the dimension of beauty itself, constructing the independent kingdom of aesthetics, taking the opportunity of "aimless purposefulness" as the turning point, "the perceptual cognition of non-cognitive judgment", constructs a universal common understanding in the field of human understanding. From classical to modern, the spirit of artistic creation changes from yearning for eternal divinity to caring for the humanity of the world on this shore, from advocating universal truth to exalting individual value, and the form of art moves from concrete to abstract, From imitating reality to expressing reality, the content of art changes from praise of beauty to ugliness. In the course of the passage of history, how to grasp the essential law of art creation and appreciation, besides the research of social sciences, In the aspect of aesthetic theory, Kant inherited the ancient philosophy, opened up the modern aesthetics, left a profound and endless aesthetic treasure, waiting for us to discover in the new era.
【学位授予单位】：鲁迅美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J01

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