对20世纪20年代初中韩短篇小说中一人称叙事模式的比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 16:47

本文选题：中国 + 韩国　；参考：《延边大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本论文是以20世纪20年代初中韩短篇小说中的第一人称叙述模式为比较研究的对象,采用融会西方的形式主义文学理论和比较文学平行研究的方法的综合性研究方法,比较系统地探讨了中韩小说从传统到现代的转型过程中小说的叙述模式所起的作用。本论文选择中国的鲁迅、郭沫若、郁达夫和韩国的李光洙、金东仁、玄镇健、廉想涉在20年代创作的第一人称短篇小说为比较研究的对象,从中找出小说叙事模式从传统到现代转型过程中的异同点以及第一人称叙述模式在中韩现代小说史上的意义。主要在如下几个方面进行了比较研究: 首先,对中韩两国的小说叙事传统和西方文学对这一传统所起的影响作了概括性的陈述。中韩传统小说主要是以陈述人物一生经历的“一人一代记”式的结构模式为主,而其叙述模式往往是叙述者站在人物和事件之外作居高临下的叙述和评论的外视角的第三人称叙述方式。第一人称小说是随着中韩近代文学的发展和西方小说的影响下逐渐成为重要叙述形式的。中韩两国自19世纪中叶就进入了近现代社会,而这一时期开始两国的文化联系逐渐疏远,都是以西方文化的强烈冲击和影响下进入了近现代社会。因而中韩两国第一人称小说叙述模式的转变没有直接的双边交流,但同时受西方文学冲击和影响,在这个过程中日本文学充当了媒介和桥梁作用,中国的鲁迅、郁达夫、郭沫若和韩国的李光洙、金东仁、廉想涉、玄镇建都曾赴日留学过,而他们都可谓是中韩现代短篇小说的开拓者,中韩第一人称短篇小说正是通过这些作家的小说创作,成为20世纪20年代初的代表性的叙述形式。其次,把第一人称叙述分为四种叙述类型,并具体对上述作家们的第一人称小说进行了具体分析,从中找出中韩一人称叙述模式在叙述效果方面的异同点:(1)在对第三人称的叙述权限的限制上,中国的小说更为彻底的限制了叙述者的全知全能的叙述,把一人称叙述模式的特点和作家意识、主题思想结合得更加淋漓尽致。(2)在强化写实主义手法的真实性方面,中韩两国的现代小说都以第一人称形式增强了小说的真实性和客观性,更加如实的反映了现实生活。(3)在叙述样式的多样化方面,中韩两国的现代小说家们都对小说叙述形式的多样化做出了举足轻重的贡献,而中国的鲁迅第一次在小说中成功运用了‘不可信的叙述者'模式,通过对作者和叙述者、读者的叙述距离的调节,更加突出了典型人物的个性,把现代小说的叙述类型推向了新的领域。再次,第一人称叙述模式在中韩现代小说史上的意义在于强化了小说的真实性和说服力,并充分发挥了作者的创作个性,体现出了个性解放的要求和现代意识。从上述分析中可以得出,小说叙述模式的转变,即从第三人称到第一人称的具体化象征着从传统小说到现代小说的转型过程。而探讨20-30年代中韩小说从传统到现代的转型过程时,以往的研究只注重于小说主题和作家的现代意识等内容层面上的转变上,而相对忽视了小说形式层面的研究,探讨小说的‘现代性'时研究作品的主题和现代社会意识固然重要,但小说技巧的转变和多样化也不可忽略。而本论文的创新点在于通过小说形式的研究,着重探讨了小说叙述模式的转型过程,总结出了文学内在的发展原理,并结合了小说的形式研究和社会学研究的方法,以此分析了中韩两国的现代小说从传统到现代的真正意义上的转型。在比较研究方面,以往的小说比较只侧重于对个别的作家和作品的研究,很少涉及到小说形式层面的比较研究,而本论文所探讨的对20世纪20年代初中韩第一人称短篇小说叙述模式的比较研究,扩大了比较视野,开拓了比较研究的新领域。
[Abstract]:This thesis is based on the comparative study of the first person narrative mode in the junior high and Korean Short Stories of the 1920s junior high school, and the comprehensive research method which combines the Western formalistic literary theory and the comparative literature method, and systematically discusses the narration of the novel from the traditional to the modern. The purpose of this paper is to choose Lu Xun, Guo Moruo, Yu Dafu and Korea's Lee Guangzhu, Jin Dongren, Xuan Zhen Zhen, and Lian Xiang in the first person short story in 20s as the object of comparative study, and to find out the similarities and differences of the novel narrative mode from the traditional to the modern transformation process and the first person narrative model. The significance of the formula in the history of modern Chinese and Korean novels is mainly studied in the following aspects:
First, a general statement is made about the narrative tradition of the two countries and the influence of Western literature on this tradition. The Chinese and Korean traditional novels are mainly based on the "one generation and one generation" structure model which states the life experience of the characters, and the narrative mode is often the narrator standing outside the characters and events. The third person narration of the external perspective of the narration and comment. The first person novel is gradually becoming an important narrative form with the development of modern Chinese and Korean literature and the influence of western novels. China and Korea entered the modern society in the middle of the nineteenth Century, and the cultural ties of the two countries gradually alienated from the beginning of the nineteenth Century, both of which were in the West. Under the strong impact and influence of culture, it entered the modern society. Therefore, there was no direct bilateral exchange between the first person novel narrative mode in China and South Korea, but it was influenced and influenced by western literature at the same time. In this process, Japanese literature acted as a medium and a bridge, Lu Xun, Yu Dafu, Guo Moruo, and Li Guang of Korea. Soo, Jin Dongren and Lian thought, the Jian Du City of Xuan Zhen had been studying abroad, and both of them were the pioneers of Chinese and Korean modern short stories. The first Chinese and Korean short stories were created by these writers and became representative forms of narration in the early 1920s.
Secondly, the first person narration is divided into four types of narration, and the specific analysis of the first person novels of the above writers is made, and the similarities and differences of the narrative effect between the Chinese and the Korean one person narrative mode are found out. (1) in the limitation of the narrative authority of the third person, the Chinese novels have completely restricted the narrator's whole. (2) in strengthening the authenticity of the realism, both Chinese and Korean modern novels enhance the authenticity and objectivity of the novel in the first person form and reflect the real life more truthfully. (3) narration In the variety of styles, Chinese and Korean modern novelists have made great contributions to the diversification of narrative forms, and the first time Chinese Lu Xun successfully applied the "unbelievable narrator" model in the novel. By adjusting the narrative distance of the author and narrator and the reader, the typical characters were more prominent. The personality has pushed the narrative types of modern novels to new fields.
Thirdly, the significance of the first person narrative mode in the history of Chinese and Korean modern novels lies in strengthening the authenticity and persuasiveness of the novel, and giving full play to the author's creative personality, which embodies the requirement of the liberation of individuality and the modern consciousness.
From the above analysis, it can be concluded that the transition from the third person to the first person symbolizes the transformation process from traditional novels to modern novels, while the study of the Chinese and Korean novels from the traditional to the modern in the 20-30 years is only focused on the theme of the novel and the modern consciousness of the writers. On the change of the capacity level, it is relatively neglecting the study of the form level of the novel. It is important to study the theme of the works and the modern social consciousness when discussing the modernity of the novel, but the change and diversification of the novel skills can not be ignored.
The innovation of this thesis lies in the study of the form of fiction, focusing on the transformation process of the narrative mode of the novel, summarizing the internal development principle of literature, combining the forms of the novel and the method of sociological research, and analyzing the transformation of the Chinese and Korean modern small theories from the traditional to the modern. In the comparative study, the previous novels only focus on the study of individual writers and works, rarely involved in the comparative study of the form level of the novel, and the comparative study of the narrative mode of the first person short story in the early 1920s has expanded the comparative field of view and opened up a new field of comparative study.

【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：I106.4;I0-03

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