梁遇春翻译研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 04:07

本文选题：梁遇春生平 + 社会文化背景　；参考：《华东师范大学》2009年博士论文

【摘要】： 二十世纪二三十年代,“五四”运动虽然已经落潮,但文学革命的影响仍在持续。中国文学各种文类都处于现代化的进程之中,散文也不例外。在有选择地继承本国传统的同时,中国现代散文还从外国散文那里汲取了新鲜的养料。翻译则是其获得这种外援的主要途径。在“文学为人生”这一时代需求的召唤下,散文抒发个人性灵的特性开始受到重视,而源自法国、发达于英国的外国小品散文(essay)则正好以此见长。于是,有关外国小品文的理论与作品译介在二十世纪二三十年代形成高潮。而梁遇春则是在英国小品文译介方面出力最多的重要译家。在中国现代文学史上,梁遇春是以散文家的身份占据着一席之地,但实际上在短暂的一生中,梁氏翻译作品的数量远远超过了其创作作品,甚至可以毫不夸张地说,梁遇春是由翻译走上创作道路的。对梁遇春而言,翻译活动不仅贯穿了他整个文学生涯的始终,而且还影响了他的世界观和人生观的形成,翻译也在很大程度上奠定了他作为散文家的地位。凡此等等,都说明以梁遇春的翻译活动作为研究对象的重要意义。但作为二十世纪二三十年代译介英国小品文的主力译将,梁遇春的翻译活动和翻译作品却很少进入研究者的视线。即使偶有提及,也每每只是寥寥数笔,语焉不详。而关于其翻译的专门研究则迟至本世纪初才有出现,且仅见于几篇论文,研究的深度和广度都很不够。鉴于这种现状,我们在合理吸收利用已有研究成果的基础上,以“梁遇春翻译研究”作为论题,对梁遇春的译事译作进行了全面系统的研究,以期弥补现有研究的不足。本论文由正文和附录组成。正文共分六章,依次论及梁遇春的生平经历、所处时代背景、译事概貌、对翻译活动的认识、翻译作品语言特色以及翻译对创作的影响。第一章为绪论。在简要介绍梁遇春生平经历的基础上,对有关梁遇春研究的文献资料进行全面梳理,尤其是对关于梁遇春翻译的现有研究进行了较为细致的介绍和评析,指出了其价值和不足所在,为正文部分的论述提供了必要的铺垫。第二章对梁遇春从事翻译活动的背景条件进行了描述和考察。我们依次介绍了梁遇春得以具备良好英语语言素养的社会文化语境(中国近代新式教育的兴起和英语教学的发展)、梁遇春走上英汉翻译道路的时代诗学语境(文学革命思潮与外国文学译介)以及梁遇春翻译作品得以问世的社会经济条件和个人资质准备(传播媒介的兴盛和个人资质的准备)。其中外国文学译介和个人资质准备两个部分是本章重点,大致勾勒了梁遇春翻译活动赖以发生的时代翻译生态环境和译者主体条件,为客观中允地评价和看待梁遇春译事译作提供了必要的背景参照。第三章概述了梁遇春的译事译作及其对翻译活动的认识。我们首先分类介绍了梁遇春对英国小品散文、诗歌、小说及其他文类作品的译介,着重描述其所译作家作品在译入语文学系统中的译介学价值。本章的第二部分挖掘整理了梁遇春对翻译活动的理论认识,主要从翻译目的、翻译路径、翻译标准和翻译风格等涉及译学基本问题的四个方面进行了论述。第四章考察了梁遇春译作中因采用特定翻译策略而呈现出的语言特色。梁译采用了“直译”的主导翻译策略,因而使译作呈现出杂合度颇高的语言特征。我们首先简略介绍了译学中涉及译作语言杂合性研究的相关论述,旨在说明杂合性乃译作语言的本质特征,接着从五个方面(语音转写的专指名称、代词的高频次使用、“一+量词+名词”结构的使用、自拟二字格和四字格的使用、对原文语序的明显依顺)对梁译语言杂合性特征进行了具体微观的近距离扫描,通过详实的译例评析论证了梁译杂合度颇高的主要语言特色,最后从时代翻译环境和译者主体因素两个方面对梁译语言杂合性特征形成的原因进行了探讨。第五章解析了梁遇春翻译活动产生的影响。我们首先探讨了梁遇春翻译活动对其散文创作产生的影响,主要体现在两个方面:一是其在翻译活动过程中形成了系统的小品散文创作思想;二是其散文创作的主题思想和语言形式都带有来自翻译的影响痕迹。其次,我们还就梁遇春翻译活动对其所处时代的文学传统产生的影响尝试进行了探讨,认为梁遇春散文正是深受翻译影响才形成了独具一格的新文体,为中国现代散文文体的多样化发展做出了贡献。第六章为余论。我们首先论述了本研究带给我们的一些启示,涉及如何看待高杂合度译作的文本价值、译者应该努力成为学者型译家等与翻译实践密切相关的问题。最后,我们指出了本研究的意义并对下一步的研究进行了展望。附录由四个部分组成。第一部分为梁遇春年谱,为我们所首次编写。梁遇春的生平事迹和所有著述一律入谱:涉及梁遇春的著述时,尽可能地提供了内容概要或目录,同时有选择地引录了梁遇春的自述和他人的评述,既用作编写年谱之依据,也为以后的研究者参考之用;凡与梁遇春有关的人物、事件、社团、书刊也尽量入谱,并附带有简要介绍和说明。第二部分为梁遇春研究相关书目集成,包括梁遇春著译作品目录、北新书局“英文小丛书”目录以及20世纪80年代以来梁遇春作品(散文、译作、书话)出版书目汇总。其中前两个目录为因占用篇幅过大正文中不便收入的论据材料,后一个则展示了自有真正意义上的梁遇春研究以来,梁遇春译作在其全部作品出版中所占的比例,从一个侧面反映了梁遇春翻译研究亟待加强的现状。第三部分为《梁遇春散文全编》勘误补遗。在搜集整理文献资料的过程中,我们发现,梁遇春研究的重要文献《梁遇春散文全编》的两条编者注释中存在明显的错误,在“集外译文”和“海外书话”部分则均有遗漏。鉴于此,我们专门撰文指正了错误,同时补全了遗漏的文章,为今后的研究奠定了更加全面的文献基础。第四部分为梁遇春译作序跋研究,是对正文第三章和第五章内容的细化补充。概言之,本论文选题对于中国现代文学研究和中国翻译文学研究均具有开创性意义,填补了散文家和翻译家研究中的相应空白。在理论运用方面,本论文总体上借鉴了澳大利亚学者安东尼·皮姆(Anthony Pym)对翻译史研究领域的划分,各章节内容基本上都是依照先挖掘事实、后解释分析的逻辑顺序来加以安排,首次采用了全方位的视角来考察和审视梁遇春译事译作,在有关梁遇春对英国文学的译介贡献、梁译语言杂合性特征成因、梁遇春的翻译活动对于其散文创作乃至对中国散文文体现代化发展的影响和贡献方面都提出了独到的见解。作为翻译学研究中翻译史范畴内的翻译家研究,本选题的意义在于系统论述了身兼创作与翻译于一身的梁遇春在以翻译为依托的中国现代文学(就梁遇春而言则主要指散文)在向现代化的嬗变过程中的表现与作用。除了具有这种理论层面的学术意义之外,本研究中有关梁译语言杂合性特征的述评还对文学翻译批评实践具有十分现实的参考价值。由于梁遇春生平资料匮乏和相关研究基础薄弱,我们在搜集译作、阅读著译文本方面付出了大量的时间和精力,正文第三章至第五章以及全部附录内容正是这些努力的集中体现。
[Abstract]:In 20s and 30s twentieth Century, although the "54" movement had fallen, the influence of the literary revolution continued. All kinds of literature in Chinese literature were in the process of modernization and prose was no exception. In the meantime, Chinese modern prose has also drawn fresh nourishment from foreign prose. It was the main way to obtain this foreign aid. Under the call of the demand of "literature as life", the character of prose expressing individual spirit began to be paid attention, and from France, the foreign essays of foreign products (Essay) developed in Britain were just as long as that. Therefore, the theory and translation of foreign essays were translated in twentieth Century two In 30s, a climax was formed. Liang Yuchun was the most important translator in the translation of British essays.
In the history of modern Chinese literature, Liang Yuchun occupies a place with the identity of the essayist, but in fact, in a short life, the number of Liang's translation works far exceeds his creative work. Even it can be said that Liang Yuchun is on the road of creation by translation. For Liang Yuchun, translation activities not only run through him. The whole literary career has also influenced his world outlook and the formation of his outlook on life. Translation has also laid his position as a essayist to a great extent. All this shows the importance of the translation activities of Liang Yuchun as the subject of study. But as the main translation of the English translation of the English language in 20s and 30s twentieth Century However, the translation and translation works of Liang Yuchun are seldom seen by the researchers. Even if they are occasionally mentioned, there are only a few pens and unknown words. And the special research on its translation is not late until the beginning of this century, and only a few papers are found in the depth and breadth of the study. On the basis of the existing research results, the thesis takes "Liang Yuchun translation study" as an issue to make a comprehensive and systematic study of Liang's translation and translation in order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing research.
This paper is composed of the text and the appendix.
The text is divided into six chapters. It discusses the life experience of Liang Yuchun, the background of the times, the outline of the translation, the understanding of the translation activities, the language characteristics of the translated works and the influence of translation on the creation.
The first chapter is the introduction. On the basis of brief introduction of Liang's life experience, the literature on Liang Yuchun's study is reviewed, especially the existing research on Liang Yuchun's translation, and its value and inadequacies are pointed out, and the necessary paving for the text is provided.
The second chapter describes and examines the background conditions of Liang Yuchun's translation activities. We introduce Liang Yuchun's social and cultural context (the rise of modern Chinese modern education and the development of English teaching), and the context of the epoch poetics on the road of English and Chinese translation (literary revolution trend of thought) by Liang Yuchun. And the translation of Foreign Literature) as well as the socioeconomic conditions and personal qualifications prepared by Liang Yuchun's translation works (the prosperity of the media and the preparation of personal qualifications). The two parts of the translation and personal qualification preparation of foreign literature are the key points of this chapter, which outlines the ecological environment for the translation of the translation of Liang Yuchun. And the translator's subjective conditions provide a necessary background reference for objectively evaluating and treating Liang Yuchun's translations.
The third chapter gives an overview of Liang Yuchun's translation and translation and his understanding of translation activities. First, we introduce the translation of Liang Yuchun's essays, poems, novels and other literary works, and emphatically describe the translation value of the translated works in the Chinese language system. The second part of this chapter collates and collates Liang Yuchun The theoretical understanding of translation activities is mainly discussed in four aspects, such as the purpose of translation, the path of translation, the standard of translation and the style of translation, which involve the basic problems of translatology.
The fourth chapter examines the language characteristics of Liang Yuchun's translation of a specific translation strategy. The translation adopts the dominant translation strategy of "direct translation", thus making the translation present a highly heterozygous language. Sex is the essential feature of the translated language, and then from five aspects (the special name of the phonetic transcripts, the high frequency of the pronoun, the use of the one + quantifier + noun ", the use of the two character and the four character, the obvious compliance to the original word order, the specific and microscopic scanning of the heterozygosity of the language is carried out in detail. The analysis and analysis of the translation examples demonstrate the major linguistic features of Liang's translation, and finally discuss the reasons for the formation of the heterozygosity in the translation of the language from the two aspects of the times translation environment and the translator's main factors.
The fifth chapter analyzes the influence of Liang's translation activities. First, we discuss the influence of Liang's translation activities on his prose creation, which are mainly embodied in two aspects: first, it has formed a systematic thought of prose creation in the process of translation; the two is that the theme and language form of his prose writing are all with it. Secondly, we also discuss the influence of Liang Yuchun's translation activities on the literary tradition of his times. It is thought that Liang Yuchun's prose is a new style which has formed a unique style and contributed to the diversified development of Chinese modern prose style.
The sixth chapter is Yu's theory. First of all, we discuss some of the implications of this study, including how to look at the text value of the highly heterozygous translation, the translator should strive to become a scholar type translator and other issues closely related to the translation practice. Finally, we point out the significance of this study and look forward to the next step of the research.
The appendix consists of four parts. The first part is the chronology of Liang Yuchun. It is the first time we wrote the life story of Liang Yuchun and all his writings. When it involves the writings of Liang Yuchun, it provides the content outline or catalogue as much as possible. At the same time, it has selected the self statement of Liang Yuchun and the commentary of others. It is used as the basis for the compilation of the chronicle. According to it, it also serves as a reference for future researchers; all the characters, events, associations and books and periodicals related to Liang Yuchun are also as much as possible, with a brief introduction and explanation. The second part is Liang Yuchun's research related bibliography integration, including the catalogue of Liang Yuchun's translation works, the catalogue of the "little series of English books" in the new bookstore, and the Liang encounter since 1980s The first two catalogues are a summary of the published bibliographies. The first two catalogues are the arguments for inconveniences in the large text, and the latter shows the proportion of Liang Yuchun's translation in the publication of all his works since the study of his own true meaning, which reflects Liang Yuchun's translation research from one side. The third part is the whole compilation of Liang Yuchun's prose. In the process of collecting and sorting out the documents, we find that there are obvious mistakes in the notes of the two editor of Liang Yuchun's study on Liang Yuchun's prose. In this case, we specially made up mistakes and filled out the missing articles and laid a more comprehensive literature foundation for the future research. The fourth part is the study of the preface and postscript of Liang Yuchun's translation, which is a refinement and supplement to the content of the third and the fifth chapters of the text.
In a word, the topic of this thesis is of pioneering significance to the study of Chinese modern literature and the study of Chinese translation literature, and fills the corresponding gaps in the study of the essayist and translators. In the field of theory, this thesis is a general reference to the division of the research field of translation history by the Australian scholar Anthony Pim (Anthony Pym). The content of the festival is basically arranged in accordance with the logical sequence of digging facts first and then explaining and analyzing. It is the first time to use an omni-directional perspective to examine and examine the translation of Liang Yuchun's translation, the contribution of Liang Yuchun's translation to English literature, the causes of the hybridity of the language of Liang's translation, and the translation of Liang Yuchun's prose to his prose. It has put forward some original opinions on the influence and contribution of the modernization of Chinese prose style.
As a translator in the field of translation history, the significance of this topic lies in the systematic exposition of the expression and function of Liang Yuchun, who is based on translation, in the evolution of modern Chinese literature based on translation. In addition to the academic significance of the study, the commentary on the heterozygosity of the translated language in this study also has a realistic reference value for the practice of literary translation criticism. Because of the lack of information and the weak foundation of the related research, we have paid a lot of time and energy in the collection of translations and reading texts, third Chapters to fifth chapters and all appendix contents are precisely the embodiment of these efforts.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：I206.6;I046

【引证文献】