沈从文美育思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 14:12

本文选题：沈从文 + 美育思想　；参考：《吉首大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 沈从文的美育思想是隐藏在文学深处的精神光芒。他的美育思想的生成有内在和外在两方面的原因。他内在的富于秀气、霸气和朝气的性格气质是他朝美育之路渐行渐近的前提。丰富的人生阅历拓展了他的视野,启迪了智慧。楚巫地域文化(特别是凤凰文化)的集体无意识形成了他爱幻想、追求美的个体意识。“新文学运动”和“五四”新文化浪潮,中西美育思想的熏陶,是沈从文美育思想生成的契机,成为他获于外的陶养。植根于内的气质禀性和获取于外的文化陶养,使沈从文的美育思想顺应而生。沈从文通过审美教育完成了否定之否定的人格蜕变,以“令人炫目的美”化解了“动物魔性”和生命无光无热的“阉寺性”;在沈从文这里,正是审美教育调和了人的“感性冲动”和“理性冲动”,使人的人生境界得到了“脱胎换骨”的灿烂升华。沈从文不是在书本中,在思辨中,而是在自己充满着血与泪的人生和人格实践中生动彰显了黑格尔的被广泛引用的名言:“审美带有令人解放的性质”。爱与美的教育,人性与生命的教育,情感与形式的教育,尊崇与谦卑的教育,成为沈从文美育思想的四种表现形态。自然美、社会美、艺术美是美的三种形态。沈从文通过自然美的融入、社会美的汇聚、艺术美的盛宴来实践他的丰富独特的美育思想,培养人正确的审美观和高尚的道德情操,提高人的审美感知能力、审美鉴赏能力、审美创造能力。在沈从文那里,美育不是宗教和德育的强制工具,不是为智育服务的一个手段,它是以完美自由的人格塑造为终极目标的一个潜移默化的心智感化过程。沈从文的美育思想是当下物欲横流的现实图景下的一种精神资源。它凸显了这样一个美妙的阅读景象——以文学家的热忱、思考者的智慧、实践者的勇气给未来者以深切的眷顾和高远的指引。他提供给人类的是一个与他人分享内心世界的方式。这个分享过程超越了物质利害和功利目的,指向人的精神需要,属于未来。他的隐含在非凡艺术创造和传奇人生经历中的独特丰富的美育思想具有一种撼动人心的永恒力量。
[Abstract]:Shen Congwen's thought of aesthetic education is the spiritual light hidden in the depth of literature. There are internal and external reasons for the formation of his aesthetic education thought. His inner elegance, hegemonism and vigor are the premise of his gradual progress towards aesthetic education. The rich experience of life expanded his vision and inspired his wisdom. The collective unconsciousness of Wu culture (especially Phoenix culture) formed his fantasy and pursuit of beauty. The "New Literature Movement" and "May 4th" New Culture Wave and the edification of Chinese and Western Aesthetic Education thoughts are the turning point of Shen Congwen's aesthetic education thought and become his pottery cultivation outside. Rooted in the temperament of nature and outside the acquisition of cultural pottery, Shen Congwen's aesthetic education thought conformed to the birth. Through aesthetic education, Shen Congwen accomplished the personality transformation of negation, dissolving "animal magic" with "dazzling beauty" and "castration" of life without light and heat; here in Shen Congwen, It is the aesthetic education that harmonizes the emotional impulse and the rational impulse, and makes the realm of human life sublimate. Shen Congwen, not in books, in speculation, but in his own blood and tears of life and personality practice vividly demonstrated Hegel's widely quoted saying: "Aesthetic has a liberating nature." Education of love and beauty, education of humanity and life, education of emotion and form, education of reverence and humility are four forms of expression of Shen Congwen's aesthetic education thought. Natural beauty, social beauty and artistic beauty are three forms of beauty. Through the integration of natural beauty, the gathering of social beauty and the feast of artistic beauty, Shen Congwen practices his rich and unique aesthetic education thought, trains people's correct aesthetics and noble moral sentiment, and improves people's ability of aesthetic perception and appreciation. Aesthetic creativity. In Shen Congwen's view, aesthetic education is not a compulsory tool of religion and moral education, nor a means of serving intellectual education. It is a subtle process of mental influence with the ultimate goal of shaping perfect and free personality. Shen Congwen's thought of aesthetic education is a kind of spiritual resource under the realistic prospect of material desire. It highlights such a wonderful reading scene-with the enthusiasm of the litterateur, the wisdom of the thinker, the courage of the practitioner to the future with deep care and guidance. What he offered to man was a way to share his inner world with others. This sharing process goes beyond material interests and utilitarian purposes and points to people's spiritual needs and belongs to the future. His unique and rich aesthetic education thought, which is implicit in extraordinary artistic creation and legendary life experience, has an eternal force that can shake people's hearts.
【学位授予单位】：吉首大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：I01

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