论余光中译《老人与海》的译者主体性

发布时间：2018-06-01 02:38

本文选题：译者主体性 + 《老人与海》　；参考：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：海明威的代表作《老人与海》在中国国家图书馆中收录了二十多个不同的汉译本。译本数量之多,是因为在不同的社会时期,社会地位不同的译者对原著的理解也不同。先后两次翻译《老人与海》的余光中先生也因此成为众译者中最独特的一位。余光中先生于1957年大学毕业时,在台湾出版了他翻译的第一个版本《老人与大海》,时隔五十年后又在中国大陆出版了他重译的第二个版本。两个译本前后修改达1000多处。因此,译者作为翻译的主体,其主体性不容忽视。译者主体性是指译者在受到外部环境和自身视域的影响制约下,为满足译入语文化需要,在翻译活动中表现出的一种主观能动性。随着西方译界的“文化转向”,译者的地位逐渐为人所注意,各领域的学者都对译者的主体性有所研究。在这种大环境下,国内的翻译研究也受到了影响,学者们开始关注译者主体性在翻译实践中的应用。本文运用乔治·斯坦纳翻译四步骤(信任、侵入、吸收和补偿),从译者主体性角度研究余光中翻译《老人与海》的两个中译本。本文作者在每一个步骤里选取突出的特点进行比较分析,探讨余光中的主体性在其两个译本中的体现,目的是为了阐明余光中的译者主体性不仅表现在他的翻译理论里,还表现在翻译实践中。余光中的中译版本,既保留了源语言的风格特点,又添加了目的语的语言特征。他的第一个译本,形式上贴近原文,且富于余光中式的诗意。而对于五十年后的重译本,余光中先生更注重译文的意义和风格。其译文既保证了行文流畅简练,符合译入语语言特点,又保证了对原文文化风格的传递。对目的语读者而言,在第一个译本的基础上,第二个译本更加生动易懂。由此可见,余光中的译者主体性在两个译本中扮演着不可忽视的作用。综上所述,同一作品不同翻译版本的出现是为了适应当时不同的社会背景,在社会文化环境下,每一个译本都会更适合当时译入语读者的需求。随着时代的进步,文化的变迁以及译者本身文字功底的加深,译者主体性在翻译过程中所起的作用更加明显,其译本也越来越受欢迎。
[Abstract]:Hemingway's masterpiece, the Old Man and the Sea, contains more than twenty different Chinese translations in the National Library of China. The large number of translations is because translators with different social status have different interpretations of the original works in different social periods. Mr. Yu Guangzhong, who has translated the Old Man and the Sea twice, has become the most unique translator. When he graduated from university in 1957, Yu Guangzhong published the first edition of his translation, the Old Man and the Sea, in Taiwan. Fifty years later, he published the second version of his translation in mainland China. There were more than 1000 revisions before and after the two translations. Therefore, as the subject of translation, the subjectivity of translator can not be ignored. The translator's subjectivity is a kind of subjective initiative in translation activities, which is restricted by the external environment and its own horizon, in order to meet the cultural needs of the target language. With the "cultural turn" in western translation circles, the translator's position has been paid more and more attention, and scholars in all fields have studied the translator's subjectivity. In this context, translation studies in China have also been affected. Scholars have begun to pay attention to the application of translator subjectivity in translation practice. Based on the four steps of George Steiner's translation (trust, invasion, absorption and compensation), this paper studies the two Chinese versions of Yu Guangzhong's translation of the Old Man and the Sea from the perspective of the translator's subjectivity. In each step, the author makes a comparative analysis of the prominent features of Yu Guangzhong's subjectivity in his two versions, in order to clarify that Yu Guangzhong's subjectivity of the translator is not only reflected in his translation theory. It is also shown in translation practice. Yu Guangzhong's Chinese translation not only preserves the stylistic features of the source language, but also adds the target language feature. His first translation, formal close to the original, and rich in afterglow poetry. For the retranslation after 50 years, Mr. Yu Guangzhong pays more attention to the meaning and style of the translation. The translated text not only guarantees the smooth and concise writing, conforms to the target language characteristics, but also ensures the transmission of the cultural style of the original text. For target language readers, the second version is more vivid and easy to understand on the basis of the first version. Therefore, Yu Guangzhong's subjectivity plays an important role in the two versions. To sum up, different versions of the same work appeared in order to adapt to different social backgrounds at that time. In the social and cultural environment, each translation will be more suitable for the needs of the target readers at that time. With the progress of the times, the change of culture and the deepening of the translator's writing background, the translator's subjectivity plays a more and more important role in the process of translation, and his translation is becoming more and more popular.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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