《新青年》的意识形态和诗学对其文学翻译选材的操控

发布时间：2018-07-09 12:57

本文选题：《新青年》 + 翻译选材　；参考：《湖南大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 当翻译文化学派提出文化转向时,翻译研究便开始关注影响翻译的外部因素,于是,处于宏观层面的译者、译入语语境中的历史、文化、政治等因素就成了研究的重点。操控学派的代表人物勒费弗尔指出,翻译就是对原文本的改写,这种改写受意识形态、诗学、赞助人及论域的操控,其中,意识形态和诗学是最重要的两个操控因素。翻译活动都会受到所处时代历史文化语境的限制,特别是处于政治变革中的翻译活动,无疑具有更为明确的目的性和社会功利性。论文研究《新青年》的意识形态和诗学对其文学翻译选材的操控。作为五四新文学运动的旗帜和号角,《新青年》在译介外国文学、提倡新文学方面作出过巨大贡献。由于它的文学翻译有着明显的目的性,因此其文学翻译选材无不打着它本身意识形态和诗学的烙印。论文首先论述意识形态对《新青年》翻译选材的操控,发现其选材在两个不同的时期体现了明显的差别。第一个时期(1915-1917)出于学习西方列强、反抗压迫、推翻旧制、反对旧道德、提倡新道德、追求个性自由与解放的需要,欧美浪漫主义和唯美主义作品成为《新青年》选择的重点。第二个时期(1917-1921),随着俄国十月革命的胜利及五四运动的爆发,饱含人道主义与揭露社会现实的作品符合了当时的时代需求,因此,俄国文学作品作为一种激励的力量得到大量译介;日本文学作为一种新国民文学的典范也备受关注;同时,出于对弱小民族命运的同情,大量弱小民族的文学作品也备受亲睐,并由此推出易卜生专号。诗学对《新青年》文学翻译选材的操控主要体现在对体裁的挑选上。为了迎合新文学运动,重朔我国文学系统,丰富我国文学体裁,短篇小说由于短小精悍、说服力强而被重点引进;各种形式的诗歌,如无韵诗、各国民歌等由于样式多样,主题丰富也得到大量译介;为改革旧戏,建设我国新戏,外国戏剧作为一种模仿的对象成为《新青年》译者的宠儿。研究发现,翻译选材从来都不是随意的,而是受到机构或个人的意识形态和诗学的左右,而机构或个人的意识形态和诗学又不可避免地受到特定历史时期社会政治观和文学观的操控。当然,由于意识形态也包含诗学的部分,因此它们对翻译选材的操控并非独立进行的,很多时候,二者互相交织,彼此呼应,共同操控着对翻译题材的选择,不过,意识形态的操控作用总是大于诗学,意识形态对翻译选材的操控总是压倒诗学对翻译选材的操控。
[Abstract]:When the translation culture school put forward the cultural turn, translation studies began to pay attention to the external factors that affect translation. Therefore, the historical, cultural and political factors in the context of the target language become the focus of the study. Lefevere, the representative of the manipulative school, points out that translation is the rewriting of the original text, which is controlled by ideology, poetics, patronage and the universe, in which ideology and poetics are the two most important manipulative factors. Translation activities will be restricted by the historical and cultural context of the era, especially in the political transformation of the translation activities, no doubt have a more clear purpose and social utility. The thesis studies the manipulation of ideology and poetics on the selection of literary translation materials in New Youth. As the banner and horn of the May 4th New Literature Movement, the New Youth has made great contributions in translating and introducing foreign literature and advocating new literature. Because of its obvious purpose in literary translation, its literary translation selections are marked by its own ideology and poetics. The thesis first discusses the manipulation of ideology on the translation selection of the New Youth, and finds that the selection of the new youth shows obvious difference in two different periods. In the first period (1915-1917), in order to learn from the Western powers, resist oppression, overthrow the old system, oppose the old morality, advocate the new morality, pursue the individual freedom and liberation, the Romanticism and aestheticism of Europe and the United States became the focus of "New Youth". The second period (1917-1921), with the victory of the October Revolution in Russia and the outbreak of the May 4th Movement, the works full of humanitarianism and exposing the social reality met the needs of the times. Russian literature, as an inspiring force, has been extensively translated and introduced; Japanese literature, as a model of new national literature, has also attracted much attention. At the same time, out of sympathy for the fate of the small and weak nations, a large number of literary works of the small and weak nations have also attracted close attention. And from this Ibsen special number. The manipulation of poetics in the literary translation selection of the New Youth is mainly embodied in the selection of genre. In order to cater to the new literary movement, to enrich the literary genres of our country, short stories have been introduced mainly because of their brevity and persuasiveness, and various forms of poetry, such as poetry without rhymes and folk songs from different countries, have been introduced in various styles. In order to reform the old drama and build the new drama in China, foreign drama, as a kind of imitation object, has become the favorite of the translator of the New Youth. The study found that translation selection is never random, but influenced by the ideology and poetics of institutions or individuals. The ideology and poetics of institutions and individuals are inevitably controlled by social political and literary views in a particular historical period. Of course, because ideology also contains poetics, their manipulation of translation selection is not independent. In many cases, the two are intertwined, echoing each other and jointly manipulating the choice of the subject matter of translation. The manipulation of ideology is always greater than that of poetics, and the manipulation of translation selection by ideology is always superior to that of poetics on translation selection.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：G239.29;I046;H059

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